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Chapter 14

1.

A feature that can be inherited, and shows variation between individuals.

Character

2.

Each version of a character

Trait

3.

Example of a character

Flower color

4.

Example of a trait

White flower color

5.

Characters have what type of locus?

Single gene

6.

Organisms that through self-fertilization always produces offspring with the same trait of interest.

True Breeding

7.

The cross-pollination of two true breeding organisms.

Hybridize

8.

True breeding parents are hybridized.

Parental Generation (P)

9.

The hybrid offspring of the parental generation who self-pollinate.

Fist Filial Generation (F1)

10.

The offspring from F1 self-fertilized plants.

Second Filial Generation (F2)

11.

What generation produces only purple flower plants?

F1

12.

_________ flower plants were being generated from _______ flower plants.

White, Purple

13.

What generation produces white flower plants?

F2

14.

Version of a gene

Allele

15.

What are traits determined by?

Two Alleles

16.

Determines organisms appearance

Dominant Allele

17.

Has a noticeable influence on organisms appearance.

Recessive Allele

18.

The hybrid offspring receives ____ allele from the purple flower and ____ allele from the white flower.

one, one

19.

The observable trait of an organism

Phenotype

20.

The genetic makeup of an organism

Genotype

21.

Two different alleles for the same gene.

Heterozygous

22.

Two of the same allele for a gene.

Homozygous

23.

Two alleles for a given character separates during gamete formation, and go into different gametes.

Law of Segregation

24.

What does it mean if a gene has AA or aa?

It is homozygous

25.

What does it mean if a gene is Aa or aA?

It is heterozygous

26.

The lower case a represents?

The recessive gene

27.

The upper case A represents?

The dominant gene

28.

What determines the phenotype?

The dominant gene

29.

When gametes and offsprings are crossed it produces?

Prodigy

30.

Physical location on a chromosome where a gene is located.

Locus

31.

Crossing true-breeding parents (homozygotes) differing in two characters produces produces?

Dihybrids