A feature that can be inherited, and shows variation between individuals.
Character
Each version of a character
Trait
Example of a character
Flower color
Example of a trait
White flower color
Characters have what type of locus?
Single gene
Organisms that through self-fertilization always produces offspring with the same trait of interest.
True Breeding
The cross-pollination of two true breeding organisms.
Hybridize
True breeding parents are hybridized.
Parental Generation (P)
The hybrid offspring of the parental generation who self-pollinate.
Fist Filial Generation (F1)
The offspring from F1 self-fertilized plants.
Second Filial Generation (F2)
What generation produces only purple flower plants?
F1
_________ flower plants were being generated from _______ flower plants.
White, Purple
What generation produces white flower plants?
F2
Version of a gene
Allele
What are traits determined by?
Two Alleles
Determines organisms appearance
Dominant Allele
Has a noticeable influence on organisms appearance.
Recessive Allele
The hybrid offspring receives ____ allele from the purple flower and ____ allele from the white flower.
one, one
The observable trait of an organism
Phenotype
The genetic makeup of an organism
Genotype
Two different alleles for the same gene.
Heterozygous
Two of the same allele for a gene.
Homozygous
Two alleles for a given character separates during gamete formation, and go into different gametes.
Law of Segregation
What does it mean if a gene has AA or aa?
It is homozygous
What does it mean if a gene is Aa or aA?
It is heterozygous
The lower case a represents?
The recessive gene
The upper case A represents?
The dominant gene
What determines the phenotype?
The dominant gene
When gametes and offsprings are crossed it produces?
Prodigy
Physical location on a chromosome where a gene is located.
Locus
Crossing true-breeding parents (homozygotes) differing in two characters produces produces?
Dihybrids