Whats nystatin

A suspension, local -> topical-> oral cavity drug

Whats this used for

Antifungi

Whats clotrimazole used for

As a troche for Oral thrush

Whats this used for

Herpes

Whats this used for

The ointment/ jelly both contain 5% of it while the spray contains 10% but they all used for topical anaesthesia

Whats this used for

Local-> topical-> GI tract, used for sterlizing the gut before surgery

Whats this used for

Local-> topical-> Rectum-> retention enema, used in ulcerative colitis

Whats this used for

Local-> topical-> rectum-> suppository, used bowel evacuation(cleaning the rectal channel)

Local-> topical-> eye, ear and nose: as eye/ear drops

Local-> topical-> bronchi: bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Local-> topical-> skin: cutaneous candidiasis(fungi infection of the skin)

Local-> deep tissue: rheumatoid arthritis

What are the advantages of systematic oral routes

• Safe
• Cheap
• Painless
• Good for repeated and prolonged use
• Self-administrered(taken by yourself)

What are the disadvantages of oral routes

Not suitable for:

• emergency, the onset(time for the drug to begin its effect) is slow
• Irritating drugs
• Unabsorbable drugs(aminoglycosides)
• Drugs that pass first pass metabolism(Insulin, lignocaine)
• unconscious patients
• Uncooperative patients
• Patients with severe vomiting or diarrhea

Whats the advantages of sublingual routes

• Quick onset
• You can stop the effect by taking out the tablet
• Passes first pass metabolism
• Self-administrered(taken by yourself)

Whats the disadvantages of sublingual routes

Not suitable:

• Irritating drugs
• Drugs that don't dissolve in lipids(because cells have lipid membrane and if drugs aren't soluble in lipids, they can't pass through it)
• Drugs that have a bad smell of taste

What are the advantages of pareternal routes

Good patients who:

• Are Unconscious
• Are Uncooperative
• with vomiting and diarrhea

God for drugs that:

• Are irritating
• Pass first pass metabolism
• Aren't absorbed orally

What are the disadvantages of pareternal routes

• They need aseptic conditions(The procedure/ injection must be done in free from fungi, microorganism conditions(clean))
• The clean condition it needs is expensive
• its invasive(invades, enters the body by cutting or penetrating the skin)
• Can't be Self-administrered
• Could cause local tissue, nerves or vessels injury