Reticular Theory

parts of nervous system are all large, connected network

Neuron Doctrine

nervous system is made of of a series of individual units

membrane potential

difference between electrical charges between negative internal charge vs outside cell

dendrites

information enters here

ribosomes

mRNA -> proteins

axon hillock

origin of action potential

microtubules

motorlike proteins, transfer proteins from soma

anterograde

soma -> terminal

retrograde

terminal -> soma

neurofilaments (interfilaments)

structure

unipolar

soma has receiving and sending end, not in humans

bipolar

single dendrite, single axon

multipolar

most common, several dendrites, one axon

sensory neuron

detects stimuli and pass information

motor somatic neuron

skeletal muscle movement

somatic automatic neuron

cardiac, glands, smooth muscle

interneuron

Glia cells

other cells in the nervous system; accounts for 50%

Astrocytes

star shaped, GFAP glial fibrillary acidic protein, maintains blood-brain barrier, uptake mechanism, that affects neurotransmitter concentration, synthesize trophic factors (helper molecules)

triportite synapse

presynaptic, postsynaptic, and astrocyte

oligodendrocytes

only in CNS, few branches, produces myelin for multiple sections

schwann cells

only in PNS, myelinate single section of axon, function in regeneration of injured axons

microglia

immune cells

epedymial cells

line inside of ventricles and produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)