Reticular Theory
parts of nervous system are all large, connected network
Neuron Doctrine
nervous system is made of of a series of individual units
membrane potential
difference between electrical charges between negative internal charge vs outside cell
dendrites
information enters here
ribosomes
mRNA -> proteins
axon hillock
origin of action potential
microtubules
motorlike proteins, transfer proteins from soma
anterograde
soma -> terminal
retrograde
terminal -> soma
neurofilaments (interfilaments)
structure
unipolar
soma has receiving and sending end, not in humans
bipolar
single dendrite, single axon
multipolar
most common, several dendrites, one axon
sensory neuron
detects stimuli and pass information
motor somatic neuron
skeletal muscle movement
somatic automatic neuron
cardiac, glands, smooth muscle
interneuron
...
Glia cells
other cells in the nervous system; accounts for 50%
Astrocytes
star shaped, GFAP glial fibrillary acidic protein, maintains blood-brain barrier, uptake mechanism, that affects neurotransmitter concentration, synthesize trophic factors (helper molecules)
triportite synapse
presynaptic, postsynaptic, and astrocyte
oligodendrocytes
only in CNS, few branches, produces myelin for multiple sections
schwann cells
only in PNS, myelinate single section of axon, function in regeneration of injured axons
microglia
immune cells
epedymial cells
line inside of ventricles and produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)