natural change

The difference between birth rate and death rate.

Birth rate

The number of people born per 1000 of the population

Death rate

The number of deaths per 1000 of the population

Natural increase

The birth rate is greater than the death rate

Natural decrease

The death rate is greater than the birth rate

Net migration

The difference between immigration rate and emigration rate.

Immigration rate

The number of people who migrate into a country, per 1000 of the population.

Emigration rate

The number of people who migrate out of a country, per 1000 of the population.

Fertility rate

(Of a country) The average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime.

Infant mortality rate

Number of deaths of infants (under 1 years old) per 1000 live births per year.

Life expectancy

Average age a person is expected to live under the conditions of when they are born.

Optimum population

When the countries population is the right size for the recourses it has, so they are put to full use and without scarcity.

Under-population

When a countries population is too small to optimally exploit its recourses.

Over-population

When a countries population is too big for its limited recourses.

Migration

The movement of people to a different region or country

Destination

Place migrant is going to

Origin

Place a migrant is moving from.

Immigration

People arriving at a destination to live their permanently.

Emigration

People leaving there origin country to live somewhere else permanently.

Internal migration

Migration of a person within the same country.

International migration

Migration of a person into a country that isn't their origin.

Forced migration

Forced displacement of people internally or internationally due to extreme circumstance such as war, persecution, or natural disaster.

Voluntary migration

Migrant chooses to migrate of their own free will.

Migration stream

Pattern of migration from certain origins to a destination.

Counter stream

Pattern of migrants returning to their place of origin.

Urbanisation

Growth of proportions of people living in urban environments.

Couter urbanisation

Movement of people from urban areas into rural areas.

Site

Characteristics of the location built on.

Situation

Characteristic of the area surrounding the built environment.

Sphere of influence

The area which a business, service etc, has influence on.

Population density

People per square km.

Population distribution

The patterns that the population follow in a specific region.

Sparsely populated

Low population density

Densely populated

High population density

Urbanisation

Percentage of people living in an urban area increases.

Urban sprawl

The physical expansion of a city.

Dispersed settlement

When there are farms and small groups of houses scattered across an area of land.

Nucleated settlement

A concentrated settlement surrounded by farmland, sometime in a + shape due to crossroads.

Linear settlement

Moves along an area, usually along a river or road in a line shape.

High order services

Services we only use occasionally and are usually more expensive, they are less common.

Low order services

Are common services that we use on a regular basis.

Brown-field site

An urban area that is derelict and not being used.

Greenfield site

Green land that is undeveloped, not usually in the city.