natural change
The difference between birth rate and death rate.
Birth rate
The number of people born per 1000 of the population
Death rate
The number of deaths per 1000 of the population
Natural increase
The birth rate is greater than the death rate
Natural decrease
The death rate is greater than the birth rate
Net migration
The difference between immigration rate and emigration rate.
Immigration rate
The number of people who migrate into a country, per 1000 of the population.
Emigration rate
The number of people who migrate out of a country, per 1000 of the population.
Fertility rate
(Of a country) The average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime.
Infant mortality rate
Number of deaths of infants (under 1 years old) per 1000 live births per year.
Life expectancy
Average age a person is expected to live under the conditions of when they are born.
Optimum population
When the countries population is the right size for the recourses it has, so they are put to full use and without scarcity.
Under-population
When a countries population is too small to optimally exploit its recourses.
Over-population
When a countries population is too big for its limited recourses.
Migration
The movement of people to a different region or country
Destination
Place migrant is going to
Origin
Place a migrant is moving from.
Immigration
People arriving at a destination to live their permanently.
Emigration
People leaving there origin country to live somewhere else permanently.
Internal migration
Migration of a person within the same country.
International migration
Migration of a person into a country that isn't their origin.
Forced migration
Forced displacement of people internally or internationally due to extreme circumstance such as war, persecution, or natural disaster.
Voluntary migration
Migrant chooses to migrate of their own free will.
Migration stream
Pattern of migration from certain origins to a destination.
Counter stream
Pattern of migrants returning to their place of origin.
Urbanisation
Growth of proportions of people living in urban environments.
Couter urbanisation
Movement of people from urban areas into rural areas.
Site
Characteristics of the location built on.
Situation
Characteristic of the area surrounding the built environment.
Sphere of influence
The area which a business, service etc, has influence on.
Population density
People per square km.
Population distribution
The patterns that the population follow in a specific region.
Sparsely populated
Low population density
Densely populated
High population density
Urbanisation
Percentage of people living in an urban area increases.
Urban sprawl
The physical expansion of a city.
Dispersed settlement
When there are farms and small groups of houses scattered across an area of land.
Nucleated settlement
A concentrated settlement surrounded by farmland, sometime in a + shape due to crossroads.
Linear settlement
Moves along an area, usually along a river or road in a line shape.
High order services
Services we only use occasionally and are usually more expensive, they are less common.
Low order services
Are common services that we use on a regular basis.
Brown-field site
An urban area that is derelict and not being used.
Greenfield site
Green land that is undeveloped, not usually in the city.