Blood is a component of which fluid compartment?

Extracellular fluid

Which of the following are features of blood?

- Delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues to promote cellular respiration

- Removes carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes from tissues

- Easily changes pH and temperature to maintain homeostasis

- Prevents fluid loss through clotting

Albumins (plasma proteins)

Prevent swelling and shrinkage of cells

Globulins (plasma proteins)

Defend the body against foreign pathogens

Fibrinogens (plasma proteins)

Prevent fluid loss during injury

Hormones (plasma proteins)

Serve as ligands for receptors throughout the body

Two males volunteer to donate 50mL of blood, one is 6’2” and weighs 250lbs, the other is 5’5” and weighs 140 lbs. Assuming both are healthy, the hematocrit of the larger individual should be ___

The same

Erythrocytes

Formed elements

Globulins

Plasma

Leukocytes

Formed elements

Ions

Plasma

Albumins

Plasma

Thrombocytes

Formed elements

Hormones

Plasma

The shape of an erythrocyte is ___

Biconcave

Because of their unique shape, red blood cells ___

- Flex as they navigate through narrow capillaries

- Experience greater shear stress

Place the following cells in order, starting with the most undifferentiated and ending with the most mature cell.

- Hematopoietic stem cell

- Myeloid stem cell

- Proerythroblast

- Basophilic erythroblast

- Polychromatic erythroblast

- Orthochromatic erythroblast

- Reticulocyte

- Erythrocyte

What do you think is wrong with this patient (pale, in and out of consciousness, low blood pressure)?

Internal bleeding

In comparison to women, men have a ___ blood volume and ___ hematocrit

Higher; higher

How many oxygen molecules can one hemoglobin carry?

4

The Bohr effect ___

Is a decrease in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen

Biliverdin reductase is the enzyme responsible for biliverdin conversion. Individuals with biliverdin reductase deficiency might have decreased ___

Bilirubin

What do you expect to find in the MRI or the blood workup (sickle cell syndrome)?

Enlarged or damaged spleen

Place the following classes of leukocytes in order of increasing abundance

- Basophils

- Eosinophils

- Monocytes

- Lymphocytes

- Neutrophils

Neutrophils

Many-lobed nuclei, stain light purple

Basophils

Nuclei with two lobes, stain dark blue

Eosinophils

Nuclei with two lobes, stain red

Lymphocytes

Nuclei that take up majority of cell volume; stain blue and purple

Monocytes

Large u-shaped nuclei; stain blue and purple

Neutrophils function

Secrete hydrolytic enzymes; effective against bacteria

Monocytes function

Phagocytic cells; common outside of the bloodstream

Basophils function

Do not attack foreign cells; regulate inflammation

Eosinophils function

Effective at fighting pathogens other than bacteria; regulate inflammation

Lymphocytes function

Responsible for attacking invading cells and antibody production

Place the following stages of neutrophil differentiation in order, starting with the most mature and ending with the most undifferentiated cell

- Neutrophil

- Neutrophilic band cell

- Myelocyte

- Promyelocyte

- Myeoloblast

- Myeloid stem cell

Blood type A

A antigen

Blood type B

B antigen

Blood type AB

A antigen and B antigen

Blood type O

No antigens

Blood type A (antibodies)

Anti-B antibody

Blood type B (antibodies)

Anti-A antibody

Blood type AB (antibodies)

No antibodies

Blood type O (antibodies)

Anti-A and anti-B antibodies

Endothelin

Clot formation

ADP

Clot formation

Thrombin

Clot formation

tPA

Clot dissolution

Fibrinogen

Clot formation

Ca2+

Clot formation

Plasmin

Promotes clot dissolution

Tissue factor

Promotes clot formation

Nitric oxide

Inhibits clot formation

Heparin

Inhibits clot formation

Protein C

Inhibits clot formation