chronic activation of stress hormones can lead to...

-cardiovascular disease

-Depression

-Impaired cognitive Function

-Autoimmune disease

Aldosterone may increase during stress leading to?

-Decreased urinary output

-increased sodium retention

-Increased blood volume

Virus differ from most bacteria in that they

-enter the host cell

-use the hosts metabolic

-do not produce toxins

Infectious injury often results from

-Exotoxins

-Endotoxins

-self destruction of cells

-Enzymes from white blood cells

Bacteria cause injury to cells by

-Producing exotoxins

-producing endotoxins

-producing destructive enzymes

-evoking an immune reaction

The is the study of causes for disease and injury

Etiology

The is the subjective feeling of abnormally in the body

Clinical manifestations

Remission is the stage of recovery after a disease, injury,or surgical procedure

False

The validity is the degree to which a measurement reflects the true value of what it intends to measure

True

Which of the following is an example factor that would affect the epidemiology

Southeast Asia ethnicity

Risk factors are not stressors but conditions that increase the likelihood of encountering a stressor

true

which of the following is an endogenous opioid

Endorphins

The is the behavioral adaptive response to a stressor using culturally based coping mechanisms

Predisposing factor

The is the first manifestation of most forms of reversible cell injury

Hydropic swelling

Hyperplasia is when the cells shrink and reduce

False

The is the replacement of one differentiated cell with another

Metaplasia

Which one is false about liquefactive necrosis?

opposite -This type of necrosis involves the complete digestion of cells and is not going to maintain the structure:

which is the most common type of necrosis

Coagulative necrosis

which is false about gas gangrene

the causative organism is aerobic

necrosis occurs when the injury is too severe or prolonged

true

ischemia is the most common cause of cell injury and injures cells faster than hypoxia alone

true

what are the common causes of malnutrition (select all that apply)

• reduced dietary intake.
• reduced absorption of macro- and/or micronutrients.
• increased losses or altered requirements.
• increased energy expenditure (in specific disease processes).

The is the process by which cancer cells escape their tissue of origin

Metastisis

The greater the degree of anaplasia the greater the degree of malignant potential T/F

True

which of the following is true about radiation therapy ?

Beta-radiation source is typically used in radiation therapy of cancer.

Dna is most susceptible to injury