anaerobic

doesn't require oxygen (GLYCOLYSIS)

aerobic

requires oxygen (KREBS AND ETC)

difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration

the products of one are the reactants of the other

equation for cellular respiration

C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

equation for photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O + energy -> C6 H12 O6 + 6O2

where does glycolysis take place

cytoplasm

overall goal of glycolysis

to split glucose into 2 pyruvic acids (two 3 carbon molecules)

what is the role of NADH

high energy election carrier (brings e- to the ETC)

how much ATP is produced in glycolysis

4 ATP molecules

how much ATP is netted during glycolysis

2 ATP molecules

(-2+4=2)

2 advantages of glycolysis

1) makes ATP

2) doesn't cause quick carbon separation "explosion"

where does the krebs cycle take place

mitochondrial matrix

over all goal of the krebs cycle

to create NADH and FADH2 to bring e- to the ETC to finish the process of cellular respiration

first step of the krebs cycle

Oxaloacetate = Aceytl-COA = citrate ****

how many times does the krebs cycle happen per glucose molecule

2x

how many ATP produced in Krebs cycle

2

what is the roll of FADH2

FADH2 brings e- to the ETC so it can finish cellular respiration

CO2 in the krebs cycle

waste product (exhaled or other things)

ATP in the krebs cycle

used to power the cells activities (the organism)

high energy electron carries NADH and FADH2 in the krebs cycle

they are used in the ETC (bring e-)

where does the ETC take place

mitochondrion membrane + matrix

what is the purpose of the ETC

to make lots of ATP by converting ADP into ATP

how is water produced

the e- and the hydrogen ions bodn with O2 to make H2O at the end of the ETC

what is the final electron acceptor

O2

how many ATP's are generated in ETC

34 ATP

byproducts of glycolysis

NADH+

byproducts of krebs cycle

CO2

byproducts of ETC

H2O

how many ATP molecules are produced in cellular respiration

38 ATP

anaerobic respiration forms

lactic acid or alcohol (fermentation)

common food that use fermentation

lactic acid - cheese, yogurt, sour cream

alcohol - bread, beer, wine

monosaccharides vs disacchardies

mono ferments faster because it's already the smallest it can be compared to DI = 2

cells can do ____ without O2

glycolysis

without O2 _______ isn'r recycled and the cells run out of it

NAD+

during fermentation cells convert _____________ by passing high energy e- to pyruvic acid

NADH -> NAD+

lactic acid equation

Pyruvic acid + NADH -> Lactic Acid + NAD+

Lactic Acid

convert pyruvic acid into lactic acid

doesn't give off excess CO2

regenerates NAD+

examples -> cheese, yogurt, buttermilk

how does lactic acid go away

a metabolic pathway that requires O2

when O2 is present

glucose can be broken down into CO2 and water

first 90 seconds of exersize

our bodies make lactic acid

Alcohol Fermentation

converts pyruvic acid into ethyl alcohol

gives off CO2

regenerates NAD +

yeasts and other microbes

Alcohol fermentation equation

Pyruvic acid + NADH -> alcohol + NAD+ + CO2

converts sugars into carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol