What is the prototype for Macrolides?

erythromycin

What do macrolides do?

they bind to bacterial ribosomes, stopping protein synthesis

What do we use macrolides for?

as a penicillin alternative and to prevent conjunctivitis in newborns (as an eye ointment)

What are macrolides spectrum of activity?

broad

What are some nursing considerations when it comes to macrolides?

don't give to patients with hepatic failure, can cause mood changes, and GI effects

What do all macrolides have?

no need for renal adjustments

What macrolides can potentially cause C.diff?

erythromicin and clindamycin

Why would we use clindamycin?

to treat for anaerobic bactera (specifically for Bacteroides fragilus)

Clindamycin has a BBW for what?

C. diff

What does metronidazole do?

disrupts DNA

What do we use metronidazole for?

to treat C. diff.

What is metronidazole's spectrum of activity?

mostly for anaerobic bacteria

What is a nursing consideration for metronidazole?

DO NOT drink alcohol during treatment and for 3 days after

What does vancomycin do?

inhibits BW synthesis

What do we use vancomycin for?

Treating MRSA/MSSA, and C.diff (oral only)

What is vancomycin's spectrum of activity?

ONLY gram positive (the big gram positive drug)

What are some nursing considerations for vancomycin?

A slow IV over 1-2 hours could cause "red man syndrome" and needs renal dose adjustments (monitor PEAKS and TROUGHS (lowest serum drug level))

What does linezolid do?

inhibits bacterial protein synthesis

What do we use linezolid for?

treating VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococcus) and MRSA

What is linezolid's spectrum of activity?

only Gram positive (L)

What are some nursing considerations for linezolid?

possible serotonin syndrome if used with serotonergic drugs, and myleosuppression (anemia).

Linezolid has a BBW. What is it?

interaction with serotonergic drugs (can lead to Serotonin syndrome)