Fertilization normally occurs within which structure?

Fallopian tube

Which of the following is a series of functional changes that sperm go through when they are in the female reproductive tract?

capacitation

The fusion of the male nucleus and the female pronucleus results in which developmental stage?

zygote

Which of the following is the part of the blastocyst that promotes implantation and produces hCG?

trophoblast

Which of the following is the portion of the endometrium that lies between the embryo and the stratum basale?

decidua basalis

Which of the following develops from the epiblast and carries a protective fluid?

Amnion

Which of the following will become the primary structure for exchange of material between the mother and the fetus?

chorionic villi of the placenta

During development, each somite may differentiate into a ___ that forms connective tissue.

dermatome

Which of the following is the connection between the placenta and the embryo?

umbilical cord

How many pairs of pharangyeal arches form in the future head and neck region during the fourth week?

5

Gastrulation occurs at approximately which point after fertilization?

During third week of embryonic period

What exam is performed between 14-16 weeks of gestation and is used to detect genetic abnormalities?

Amniocentesis

CVS is taking cells from where?

Chorion

Which hormone is secreted by nonpregnant women from neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus?

CRH

During pregnancy, stroke volume can increase by

30%

Labor cannot take place until all of which hormone's effects are diminished?

Progesterone

Which of the following is the time from the onset of labor to complete dilation of the cervix?

stage of dilation

Involution is

When the uterus decreases in size

What connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava in infants?

ductus venosus

Which is the effector when oxytocin stimulates milk ejection?

myoepithelial cells

Which principle hormone releases milk into the mammary glands?

oxytocin

Which of the following is a permanent heritable change in an allele?

mutation

When phenotype can be drastically different depending on whether the gene is inherited from the mother or father it is called-

genomic imprinting

An example of incomplete dominance is

Sickle-cell disease

If one parent has type A blood and one parent has type B blood, what blood type is possible for their child?

all of these choices

If a child has type B blood and the mother has type B blood, what is the possible phenotype of the father?

B, O, A, or AB

Chromosome #15 is considered

an autosome

A Barr body

is an inactivated X chromosome

Which represents the morula stage?

C) C

Which one represents the blastocyst stage?

E

What does figure "A" represent?

cleavage of zygote

What is line "A" pointing to?

trophoblast

What happens 3-4 days after fertilization?

C) C

What stage happens 6 days after fertilization?

E) E

Which structure was formerly called the blastocyst cavity?

D) F

This is composed of the syncytiotrophoblast and the cytotrophoblast.

C) C

Where is the amniotic cavity?

A) E

Which cells are derived from the yolk sac and form a connective tissue layer?

B) B

What is line "G" pointing to?

none of these

What is like "G" pointing to in this figure?

chorionic villi

Where are the fetal blood vessels in the figure?

C) E

What is line "F" pointing to in the figure?

maternal endometrial arteriole

Which condition listed is a malpractice in which the fetal buttocks or lower limbs present into the material pelvis?

breech presentration

Which condition listed is a developmental abnormality due to mechanical forces that mold a part of the fetus over a prolonged period of time?

deformation

Clubfeet is an example of which condition listed?

deformation

Which condition listed is also called morning sickness?

emesis gravidarum

Which condition is listed as a sex chromosome aneuploidy, usually due to trisomy XXY?

Klinefelter's syndrome

A deficiency in corticotropin-releasing hormone could lead to the development of ___ in the newborn

respiratory distress syndrome

The hormone associated with a change in gait of pregnant woman in the later stages of pregnancy is

relaxin

A neural tube defect in the developing fetus may be detected by measuring the levels of which of the following substances?

maternal alpha-fetoprotein

Which of the following may be associated with anencephaly and a higher risk of ectopic pregnancies?

all of these

During pregnancy, a malfunction during which weeks might leak to a breech presentation at birth?

30-34 weeks

If one was able to view the developing embryo and fetus, at which stage of the pregnancy would the gender of the baby be distinguishable for the first time?

9-12 weeks

Which condition listed is a sex chromosome aneuploidy, caused by the presence of a single X chromosome designated XO?

Turner's syndrome

A teratogen induced developmental defect resulting in characteristics facial features is associated with

fetal alcohol syndrome

Which condition listed results from an infection originating in the birth canal following child birth and affects the mother's endometrium?

puerperal fever

Which condition listed is a sex chromosome aneuploidy characterized by at least 3 X chromosomes (XXX)?

Metafemale syndrome

Which of the terms below describes the development of an organism from an undifferentiated cell?

epigenesis

Which of the terms below includes all structures that develop from a zygote: the embryo, the embryonic placenta and its associated membranes?

conceptus

Which of the terms below describes the beginning or first discernible indication of the development of an organ or structure?

primordium

Which of the terms below describes the chromosomal characteristic of an individual presented as a systemic arrangement of pairs of metaphase chromosomes arranged by size?

karyotype

What is the term used to describe the age of an embryo or fetus calculated from the presumed first day of the last normal menstruation period?

gestational age

In an individual who is heterozygous for a certain gene, the dominant allele is responsible for that person having the trait of polydactyly. What is the masked, recessive trait in this individual?

normal digits

In an individual who is heterozygous for a certain gene, the dominant allele is responsible for that person having diabetes insipidos. What is the masked recessive trait in this individual?

normal digits

In an individual who is heterozygous for a certain gene, the dominant allele gives Huntington's disease. What is the masked, recessive trait in this individual?

normal nervous system

In an individual who is heterozygous for a certain gene, the dominant allele gives normal skin pigmentation. What is the masked, recessive trait in this individual?

albinism

Which hormone causes release of milk into the mammary ducts via the milk ejection reflex?

oxytocin

The principle hormone in promoting milk production

prolactin

Which of the following is a function of the hormone corticotropin-releasing hormone?

establish the timing of birth

Which of the following is a noninvasive prenatal test?

AFP

When are the primary germ layers established during pregnancy?

third week of development

Which of the following structures are produced from the endoderm?

gametes

Endoderm gives rise to which of these structures?

gonads

Which of the following is NOT produced from the mesoderm?

melanocytes

Which of the following are major potential teratogens that affect embryonic development?

all of thse

The period of prenatal development would include

all of these

In the process of fertilization, the sperm will fertilize the

secondary oocyte