front 1 Where the RNA polymerase and the newly formed mRNA are released. | back 1 Terminator site |
front 2 Enzymes that assemble the nucleotides of DNA into chains. | back 2 DNA polymerase |
front 3 Formation of protein from the genetic information contained in mRNA | back 3 Translation |
front 4 Formation of mRNA from the genetic information contained in DNA | back 4 Transcription |
front 5 Enzymes that bind short strands of DNA together into longer strands. | back 5 DNA ligases |
front 6 Where transcription begins on mRNA. | back 6 Promoter site |
front 7 ii A sequence of three bases coding for the position of an amino acid in the assembly of a protein chain. | back 7 Codon |
front 8 A cluster of related genes together with a operator and promoter sites on mRNA. | back 8 Operon |
front 9 A sequence of three bases on tRNA that locates the codon on the mRNA at the ribosome. | back 9 Anticodon |
front 10 A sequence of bases that does not code for an amino acid, but that terminates the protein or polypeptide chain. | back 10 Stop codon |
front 11 DNA region of eukaryotic cell that is expressed. | back 11 Exon |
front 12 iii. The actual template upon which the protein or polypeptide chain is assembled. | back 12 mRNA |
front 13 The product of transcription. | back 13 mRNA |
front 14 One of these is specific for each of the 20 amino acids. | back 14 tRNA |
front 15 The original genetic information in a bacteria cell. | back 15 DNA |
front 16 Relaxes supercoiling ahead of the replication fork. | back 16 DNA gyrase |
front 17 Unwinds double-stranded DNA. | back 17 Helicase |
front 18 Stops protein synthesis after transcription has occurred. | back 18 miRNA |
front 19 iv. The probability of a gene mutation each time a cell divides. | back 19 Mutation rate |
front 20 Usually a result of the deletion or addition of a base pair. | back 20 Frameshift mutation |
front 21 A mutation caused by a chemical that is structurally similar to nucleotide components such as adenine or thymine. | back 21 Nucleotide-analog type of mutagen |
front 22 A mutagen that would, for example, make the base adenine pair with cytosine instead of thymine. | back 22 Base pair type of mutagen |
front 23 v. DNA transferred between cells in solution in the suspending medium. | back 23 Transformation in bacteria |
front 24 Requires contact between living cells of opposite bacteria mating types. | back 24 Conjugation in bacteria |
front 25 Requires a sex pilus | back 25 Conjugation in bacteria |
front 26 Hfr cells | back 26 Conjugation in bacteria |
front 27 The method by which plasmids such as F factors are transferred between cells. | back 27 Conjugation in bacteria |
front 28 Turns genes off by methylating certain nucleotides. | back 28 Epigenic control |
front 29 vi. Contain genes coding for enzymes that catabolize unusual sugars for hydrocarbons, for example. | back 29 Dissimilation plasmids |
front 30 Contain genes for synthesis of toxic proteins lethal for other bacteria. | back 30 Bacteriocinogenic plasmids |
front 31 v ii. Ultraviolet light | back 31 Nonionizing radiation |
front 32 In the operon model, the place on the mRNA at which the repressor binds to prevent transcription of structural genes into a protein. | back 32 Operator |
front 33 In the operon model, the regulator gene codes for a protein of this name. | back 33 Repressor |
front 34 X ray | back 34 Ionizing radiation |
front 35 viii. In replicating a strand of DNA, where adenine is on the original strand, there will be this on the new strand. | back 35 Thymine |
front 36 When a strand of mRNA is made from DNA, this is found where adenine is located on the original DNA. | back 36 Transposons |
front 37 A nutritional mutant. | back 37 Auxotroph |
front 38 In the Ames test, the Salmonella bacterium has lost the ability to synthesize this. | back 38 Histidine |
front 39 Small segments of DNA that can move from one region of the chromosome to another. | back 39 Transposons |
front 40 Colonies growing on a master plate containing a complete medium can be transferred simultaneously to minimal medium by the _________ technique. | back 40 Replica Plating |
front 41 A segment of DNA that codes for functional product is a(n) _______. | back 41 Gene |
front 42 The site at which the replicating DNA strands separate is called the __________. | back 42 Replication fork |
front 43 The organisms entire genetic potential is the _________. | back 43 Genotype |
front 44 A cell with a cell wall permeable to a soluble DNA is ___________. | back 44 Competent |
front 45 Bacteria that have the F factor integrated into their chromosome and that tend to transfer F factor and chromes together are called _________ cells. | back 45 Hfr |
front 46 Enzymes that are always present in the cytoplasm are called ___________ enzymes. | back 46 Constitutive |
front 47 Some R factors have a set of genes called the r-determinant that codes for resistance, and another set of genes called the ___________ that codes for replication and conjugation. | back 47 Resistance transfer |
front 48 A bacterial virus is known, for short, as a(n) ____________. | back 48 Phage |