front 1 Which of the following individuals or groups of individuals demonstrated that the transforming principle was DNA? Avery, McLeod and McCarty Griffith Hershey & Chase Watson & Crick | back 1 “Avery, McLeod and McCarty |
front 2 The principle of transformation was first demonstrated by which of the following individuals or groups of individuals? “Avery, McLeod and McCarty Griffith Hershey & Chase Watson & Crick | back 2 Griffith |
front 3 “Hershey and Chase demonstrated that when the bacteriophage T2 infected its host cell, the __________ is injected into the host but the __________ remained outside. “ DNA; RNA RNA; protein protein; RNA DNA; protein | back 3 DNA; protein |
front 4 The genetic information in DNA is divided into units called Proteins Genes Genotype Phenotype | back 4 Genes |
front 5 Which of the following is true about the structure of DNA? Purine and pyrimidine bases are attached to the 1'-carbon of the deoxyribose sugars. Purine and pyrimidine bases are joined by phosphodiester bonds. "Adjacent bases are stacked on top of each other, one base pair every 0.34 nm." All of the above are true. | back 5 All of the above are true. Purine and pyrimidine bases are attached to the 1'-carbon of the deoxyribose sugars. Purine and pyrimidine bases are joined by phosphodiester bonds. "Adjacent bases are stacked on top of each other, one base pair every 0.34 nm." |
front 6 Which of the following is not a pyrimidine? Adenine Cytosine Thymine Uracil | back 6 Adenine |
front 7 The two strands of a DNA molecule are __________; that is, they are oriented in opposite directions. parallel reverse parallel antiparallel co-parallel | back 7 antiparallel |
front 8 "When a DNA molecule is replicated, the daughter molecules contain one strand of parental DNA and one strand of newly synthesized DNA; this is called __________ replication. hemiconservative conservative semiconservative dispersive | back 8 semiconservative |
front 9 The chromosomes of most bacteria are comprised of double-stranded circular molecules double-stranded linear molecules single-stranded circular molecules single-stranded linear molecules | back 9 double-stranded circular molecules |
front 10 Each chromosome has one or more __________ site(s) where replication begins. promoter replicon origin bifurcate | back 10 origin |
front 11 During replication the 2 strands of the DNA molecule are unwound from one another by enzymes called ligases. unwindases. helicases. primases | back 11 helicases. |
front 12 "The coding sequence in the DNA of __________ is normally continuous; that is, it is not interrupted by noncoding sequences. " prokaryotes plants mammals most insects | back 12 prokaryotes |
front 13 13.The process by which the base sequence of all or a portion of a DNA molecule is used to direct the synthesis of an RNA molecule is called replication. transcription. reverse transcription. Translation | back 13 transcription |
front 14 The region at which the RNA polymerase binds is the __________ region. leader promoter coding trailer | back 14 promoter |
front 15 The transcribed, but not translated, sequence that is immediately upstream of the region that encodes the functional product is called the __________ region. " leader promoter coding trailer | back 15 leader |
front 16 The transcribed and translated region of a gene is the __________ region. leader promoter coding trailer | back 16 coding |
front 17 The unexpressed regions of split genes are called exons. endons. introns. codons. | back 17 introns |
front 18 The strand of DNA for a particular gene that is copied by the RNA polymerase to form mRNA is called the __________ strand leading template transcription copy | back 18 template |
front 19 Messenger RNA molecules that direct the synthesis of more than one polypeptide are said to be __________. conserved monogenous multiplicative polycistronic | back 19 polycistronic |
front 20 A consensus sequence in the untranslated leader sequence of a prokaryotic mRNA which serves as a ribosome binding site is called the __________ sequence. Shine-Dalgarno Griffith Hershey-Chase Avery | back 20 Shine-Dalgarno |
front 21 The process by which the base sequence of an RNA molecule is used to direct the synthesis of a protein is called replication. transcription. reverse transcription. translation. | back 21 translation. |
front 22 ________ molecules deliver amino acids to ribosomes during translation. Messenger RNA (mRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) | back 22 Transfer RNA (tRNA) |
front 23 Which of the following is not a termination codon? AUG UAA UAG UGA | back 23 AUG |
front 24 The portion of the tRNA molecule that binds to the codon on the mRNA is called the c-codon. anticodon. complementary codon. paracodon | back 24 anticodon. |
front 25 What is the minimum number of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes needed to attach amino acids to all the various tRNA molecules? 20 61 64 as many as there are different tRNAs. | back 25 20 |
front 26 In __________ ribosomes can attach to the mRNA and begin translation even though transcription has not been complete prokaryotes eukaryotes fungi All of the above | back 26 prokaryotes |
front 27 The energy needed for protein synthesis is provided by the hydrolysis of ATP. GTP. UTP. ATP and GTP. | back 27 ATP and GTP. |
front 28 ___________ in proteins includes alpha-helixes and beta-pleated sheets. Primary structure Secondary structure Tertiary structure Quaternary structure | back 28 Secondary structure |
front 29 What are used to regulate protein folding to minimize the risk of protein mis-folding? Gyrases Topoisomerases ATPases Chaperones | back 29 Chaperones |
front 30 A gram negative bacterium wishes to secrete a previously-folded virulence factor. Which of the following secretion systems would be used to accomplish this? Sec-dependent pathway Type I SS Type II SS Type VI SS | back 30 Type II SS |