front 1 Dissociate in water | back 1 Electrolytes |
front 2 Do not dissociate | back 2 Nonelectrolytes |
front 3 The fluid compartments outside the cell | back 3 Extracellular |
front 4 Fluid compartments located within the cell | back 4 Intracellular |
front 5 Spaces between cells | back 5 Interstitial |
front 6 Magnesium excess | back 6 Hypermagnesemia |
front 7 Calcium depletion | back 7 Hypocalcemia |
front 8 Sodium excess | back 8 Hypernatremia |
front 9 Potassium excess | back 9 Hyperkalemia |
front 10 Sodium depletion | back 10 Hyponatremia |
front 11 An atypical accumulation of the fluid in the interstitial space | back 11 Edema |
front 12 A condition of unusually low levels of plasma proteins resulting in tissue edema | back 12 Hypoproteinemia |
front 13 A disorder entailing deficient mineralocorticoid hormone production by the adrenal cortex | back 13 Addison's Disease |
front 14 Regulates sodium ion concentrations in the extracellular fluid | back 14 Aldosterone |
front 15 A condition due to excessive water intake that results in net osmosis into tissue cells. This leads to severe metabolic disturbances. | back 15 Hypoproteinemia |
front 16 Sodium ions are highest in.. | back 16 Blood Plasma |
front 17 Potassium ions are highest in... | back 17 Intracellular Fluid |
front 18 Phosphate ions are highest in... | back 18 Intracellular fluid |
front 19 Bicarbonate ions are highest in... | back 19 Interstitial fluid |
front 20 Proteins are highest in... | back 20 Intracellular fluid |
front 21 The body's water volume is closely tied to the level of which of the following ions? | back 21 Sodium ions |
front 22 Hypoproteinemia is a condition of usually low levels of plasma proteins. This problem is often characterized by ______ . | back 22 Tissue edema |
front 23 Which of the following hormones is important in the regulation of sodium ion concentrations in the extracellular fluid? | back 23 Aldosterone |
front 24 Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that is made in the atria of the heart. The influence of this hormone is to ______ . | back 24 reduce blood pressure and blood volume by inhibiting sodium and water retention |
front 25 Respiratory acidosis can occur when... | back 25 a person's breathing is shallow due to obstruction |
front 26 Total body water is not a function of which of the following? | back 26 amount of water ingested |
front 27 Which of the choices below exerts primary control over sodium levels in the body? | back 27 aldosterone |
front 28 Where as sodium is found mainly in the extracellular fluid, most ______ is found in the intracellular fluid. | back 28 Potassium |
front 29 Which of the following describes the distribution of sodium and potassium between cells and body fluids? | back 29 K+ mainly in the cells, Na+ in the body fluids |
front 30 Problems with fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance are particularly common in infants because of their ______. | back 30 Inefficient kidneys |
front 31 The single most important factor influencing potassium ion secretion is _____. | back 31 Potassium ion concentration in blood plasma |
front 32 Which of the following is not a chemical buffer system? | back 32 Nucleic acid |
front 33 Which of the following hormones is important in stimulating water conversation in the kidneys? | back 33 Antidiuretic hormone |
front 34 The maintenance of the proper pH of the body fluids may be the result of ________ . | back 34 The control of respiratory ventilation |
front 35 The regulation of sodium _______ . | back 35 is linked to blood pressure |
front 36 Blood analysis indicates a low pH, and the patient is breathing rapidly. Given your knowledge of acid-base balance, which of the following is most likely? | back 36 Metabolic acidosis |
front 37 A patient is breathing slowly and blood pH analysis indicates an abnormally high value. What is the likely diagnosis? | back 37 Metabolic alkalosis |
front 38 One of the major physiological factors that triggers thirst is _______ . | back 38 a rise in plasma osmolality |
front 39 Annie has just eaten a large order of heavily salted french fries, some pickled eggs, and some cheese. How will consuming this much affect her physiology? | back 39 There will be a temporary increase in blood volume. |