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34 notecards = 9 pages (4 cards per page)

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2-Microbial nutrition

front 1

What are the ways to get C(Carbon) from

back 1

Either in a:

  • Hetetroph: get it in an organic way by eating other organisms for their Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids
  • Autotroph: get CO2 Out of the Air, or in a way where they don't relly of other organisms

front 2

How much of the atmosphere is Nitrogen

back 2

79%

front 3

What are the ways to get Nitrogen

back 3

  • Heterotroph: some bacteria and algae can Fix Nitrogen from NO3, NO2 or NH3
  • Get it from DNA, RNA and ATP

front 4

Why does N need to be converted to NH3

back 4

So it can be combined with carbon to make amink acids

front 5

Whats the importancy of O2 for microorganisms

back 5

  • Its a component of lipids, Carbohydrates, nucleic acids and protein
  • Its a component of organic salts , Sulfate(SO4), phosphate(PO4) , nitrates(NO3)
  • Essential for Metabolic and enzymatic and structural functions of a cell

front 6

Whats the importancy of H2

back 6

  • Component in organic and inorganic compounds like water, salts and gases
  • Used and produced by microbes
  • Maintains pH
  • Used to form hydrogen bonds between molecules
  • Its a free energy in oxidation reduction reaction of respiration m

front 7

Where can you get phosphorous

back 7

From Phosphoric acid H3PO4 found in rocks and oceanic deposits

front 8

Whats the importancy of phosphorus

back 8

  • Components in Nucleic acids
  • Servers in energy transfer ATP

front 9

Where to find sulfur

back 9

In environmental rocks that have sulfate(SO4), Sulfide(S2) and hydrogen sulfade(H2S)

front 10

Whats the use of sulfate

back 10

  • Components of some vitamins and amino acids like cysteine and methionine
  • Helps the stability of protein by forming disulfide bonds

front 11

Whats the use of potassium K

back 11

Protein synthesis ajd membrane functio

front 12

Whats the use of Sodium Na

back 12

Useful in cell transport

front 13

Whats calcium used for

back 13

Cell wall and endoscpore stabilising Ca

front 14

Whats magnesium used for Mg

back 14

  • Component of chlorophyll
  • Used in membrane and ribosomes stabilising

front 15

Whats iron used for Fe

back 15

Components of proteins and cell respiration

front 16

Define Neutralphiles

back 16

Microbes live in neutral pH

front 17

Define Obligate acidophiles

back 17

Microbes live in extreme acid pH

front 18

Define Alkaliphiles

back 18

Microbes live in extreme alkaline pH

front 19

Define psychrophilic

back 19

Microbes live in low temperature

front 20

Define Mesophilic

back 20

Microbes live normal body temperature 37 which includes most pathogens

front 21

Define Thermophilic

back 21

Microbes live in high temperature

front 22

Define Aerobe

back 22

Use oxygen and can detoxify it

front 23

Define obligate aerobe

back 23

Cannot grow without Oxygen

front 24

Define Facultative Anaerobe

back 24

Use oxygen but are able to live without it

front 25

Define Anaerobe

back 25

Don't use Oxygen

front 26

Define obligate Anaerobe

back 26

Cannot live in oxygen environments because it Can't detoxify it

front 27

Define aerotolerant Anaerobes

back 27

Microbes that don't use oxygen but can survive in an environment that have oxygen

front 28

Define Capnophile

back 28

Microbes that grown best in CO2 environments

front 29

Define Halophiles

back 29

Need high concentration of Salts

front 30

Define Osmotolerant

back 30

Don't need high salt concentrated environments but can survive in it

front 31

Define Osmophiles

back 31

Can grow in high sugar concentration environments

front 32

Define Barophiles

back 32

Can handle extreme atmospheric pressure and will die in normal atmospheric pressure environment

front 33

Name examples of passive transport

back 33

  1. Diffusion
  2. Osmosis
  3. Facilitated Diffusion

front 34

Name examples of active transport

back 34

  1. Active transport
  2. Group translocation
  3. Bulk transport