front 1 Stage Fright | back 1 Anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience |
front 2 Adrenaline | back 2 a hormone released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress |
front 3 Positive Nervousness | back 3 Controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for her or his presentation |
front 4 Visualization | back 4 Mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation |
front 5 Critical Thinking | back 5 Focused, organized thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the difference between fact and opinion |
front 6 Speaker | back 6 The person who is presenting an oral message to the listener |
front 7 Message | back 7 Whatever a speaker communicates to someone else. |
front 8 Channel | back 8 The means by which a message is communicated |
front 9 Listener | back 9 The person who receives the speaker's messages |
front 10 Frame of Reference | back 10 The sum of a person's knowledge, experience, goals, values and attitudes. No two people can have exactly the same frame of reference |
front 11 Feedback | back 11 The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker |
front 12 Interference | back 12 anything that impedes the communication of a message. Interference can be external or internal to listeners |
front 13 Situation | back 13 The time and place in which speech communication occurs |
front 14 Ethnocentrism | back 14 The belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures |
front 15 Ethics | back 15 The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs |
front 16 Ethical Decisions | back 16 Sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines |
front 17 Name calling | back 17 The use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups |
front 18 Bill of Rights | back 18 The first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution |
front 19 Plagiarism | back 19 presenting another person's work or ideas as one's own |
front 20 Global Plagiarism | back 20 Stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own |
front 21 Patchwork Plagiarism | back 21 Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own |
front 22 Incremental Plagiarism | back 22 Failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people |
front 23 Paraphrase | back 23 To restate or summarize an author's ideas in one's own word |
front 24 Hearing | back 24 The Vibration of sound waves on the eardrums and the firing of electrochemical impulses in the brain |
front 25 Listening | back 25 Paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear |
front 26 Appreciative Listening | back 26 Listening for pleasure or enjoyment |
front 27 Empathetic Listening | back 27 Listening to provide emotional support for a speaker |
front 28 Comprehensive Listening | back 28 Listening to understand the message of a speaker |
front 29 Critical Listening | back 29 Listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it |
front 30 Spare ''brain time'' | back 30 the difference between the rate at which most people talk (120-150 words per minute) and the rate at which the brain can process language (400 to 800 words a minute) |
front 31 Active Listening | back 31 Giving undivided attention to a speaker in a genuine effort to understand the speaker's point of view |
front 32 Key word outline | back 32 An outline that briefly notes a speaker's main points and supporting evidence in a rough outline form |
front 33 Ice Breaker Speech | back 33 A speech early in the term designed to get students speaking in front of a class as soon as possible |
front 34 Introduction | back 34 the beginning of a speech |
front 35 Body | back 35 the main section of a speech |
front 36 Chronological Order | back 36 A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern |
front 37 Topical Order | back 37 A method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics |
front 38 Main Points | back 38 The major points developed in the body of a speech |
front 39 Transition | back 39 A word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another |
front 40 Conclusion | back 40 The final section of a speech |
front 41 Extemporaneous Speech | back 41 A carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes |
front 42 Gestures | back 42 motions of a speakers hands or arms during a speech |
front 43 Eye contact | back 43 Direct visual contact with the eyes of another person |
front 44 Topic | back 44 the subject of a speech |
front 45 Brainstorming | back 45 a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas |
front 46 General purpose | back 46 The broad goal of a speech |
front 47 Specific Purpose | back 47 a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in his or her speech |
front 48 Central Idea | back 48 A one sentence statement that sums up the major ideas of a speech |
front 49 Residual Message | back 49 What a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech |