linked genes

the genes are physically connected together on the same chromosome and therefore can not be separated or mixed with other genes during shuffling that occurs in Meiosis1 metaphase and anaphase

Sex linked Genes

linked genes specifically on the X sex chromosome inhumane or the Z sex chromosome in birds and fish

chromosome theory of inheritance

The theory that chromosomes are linear sequences of genes. The unifying theory stating that inheritance patterns may be generally explained by assuming that genes are located in specific sites on chromosomes.

cytological maps

a graphic representation of the location of genes on a chromosome, based on correlating the genetic recombination results of testcrosses with the structural analysis of chromosomes that have undergone changes, such as deletions or translocations, as detected by banding techniques.

deletions

a mutation in which part of a chromosome or DNA is missing

duplications

The occurrence of a repeated section of genetic material in a chromosome

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

a form of muscular dystrophy. caused by a defective gene for dystrophin (a protein in the muscles).

genetic map

a graphic representation of the arrangement of genes or DNA sequences on a chromosome

genetic recombination

involves the exchange of genetic material either between multiple chromosomes or between different regions of the same chromosome

inversions

chromosome rearrangement in which a segment of a chromosome is reversed end to end.An inversion occurs when a single chromosome undergoes breakage and rearrangement within itself

linkage map

map of chromosome based on recombinant % mapping data

linked gene

genes that are inherited together with the other gene as they are located on the same chromosome

map units

a measure of crossover frequency

monosomic

a diploid cell missing a single chromosome

non- disjunction

a failure for chromosomes or chromatids to separate during anaphase of mitosis or meiosis resulting in gametes with extra or missing chromosomes

polyploidy

3n, 4n 5n, multiple haploid sets of chromosome n or 2n is normal thus polyploidy is abnormal however many plants are known to be polyploid

recombinant

an organism that contains a different combination of alleles from either of its parents