The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of

sympathetic stimulation

Which of the following does not describe the ANS?

a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cells

Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the

sympathetic nervous system

The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following except

all of the neurotransmitters

A drug that might be used specifically to reduce heart rate in cardiac patients could be

a beta-blocker

The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the eye is the

ciliary ganglion

Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all except

dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera

Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve number

X

The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the

parasympathetic division

Control of temperature, endocrine activity, and thirst are functions associated with the

hypothalamus

Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

skeletal muscle

Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation?

dilation of the pupils

Which of the following statements is not true?

Sympathetic origin is craniosacral; parasympathetic is thoracolumba

Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because

NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response

Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra?

first thoracic

Autonomic ganglia contain

the cell bodies of motor nuerons

The parasympathetic fibers of the ___ nerves innervate smooth muscles of the eye that cause the lenses to bulge to accommodate close vision.

oculomotor

Fibers that enter and leave the sympathetic chain without synapsing form structures called

splanchnic nerves

Which of the following is not a plexus of the vagus nerve?

celiac

Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in that

visceral arcs involve two motor neurons

The parasympathetic tone

determines normal activity of the urinary tract

Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion, it can do all but which one of the following?

synapse with a parasympathetic neuron in the same trunk ganglion

The white rami communicantes

carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chain

Beta-blockers

decrease heart rate and blood pressure

Erection of the penis or clitoris

is primarily under parasympathetic control

Which is a uniquely sympathetic function?

regulation of body temperature

Raynaud's disease

is characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities

Autonomic dysreflexia

involves uncontrolled activation of autonomic neurons

Which sympathetic fibers form the splanchnic nerve?

those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia

In aging, autonomic inefficiency is often due to

clogging of preganglionic axon terminals with filaments

Where would you not find an autonomic ganglion?

in the armpit

Sympathetic division stimulation causes

increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure

The smooth muscle of the digestive viscera is served largely by the

tenth cranial nerve

The route of major parasympathetic outflow from the head is via the

vagus nerve

Parasympathetic functions include

lens accommodation for close vision

Emotions influence autonomic reactions primarily through integration in the

hypothalumus

The possibility of some control over autonomic responses is demonstrated by

biofeedback

The vagus nerve does not innervate the

parotid gland