The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of
sympathetic stimulation
Which of the following does not describe the ANS?
a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cells
Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the
sympathetic nervous system
The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following except
all of the neurotransmitters
A drug that might be used specifically to reduce heart rate in cardiac patients could be
a beta-blocker
The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the eye is the
ciliary ganglion
Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all except
dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera
Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve number
X
The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the
parasympathetic division
Control of temperature, endocrine activity, and thirst are functions associated with the
hypothalamus
Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
skeletal muscle
Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation?
dilation of the pupils
Which of the following statements is not true?
Sympathetic origin is craniosacral; parasympathetic is thoracolumba
Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because
NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response
Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra?
first thoracic
Autonomic ganglia contain
the cell bodies of motor nuerons
The parasympathetic fibers of the ___ nerves innervate smooth muscles of the eye that cause the lenses to bulge to accommodate close vision.
oculomotor
Fibers that enter and leave the sympathetic chain without synapsing form structures called
splanchnic nerves
Which of the following is not a plexus of the vagus nerve?
celiac
Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in that
visceral arcs involve two motor neurons
The parasympathetic tone
determines normal activity of the urinary tract
Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion, it can do all but which one of the following?
synapse with a parasympathetic neuron in the same trunk ganglion
The white rami communicantes
carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chain
Beta-blockers
decrease heart rate and blood pressure
Erection of the penis or clitoris
is primarily under parasympathetic control
Which is a uniquely sympathetic function?
regulation of body temperature
Raynaud's disease
is characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities
Autonomic dysreflexia
involves uncontrolled activation of autonomic neurons
Which sympathetic fibers form the splanchnic nerve?
those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia
In aging, autonomic inefficiency is often due to
clogging of preganglionic axon terminals with filaments
Where would you not find an autonomic ganglion?
in the armpit
Sympathetic division stimulation causes
increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure
The smooth muscle of the digestive viscera is served largely by the
tenth cranial nerve
The route of major parasympathetic outflow from the head is via the
vagus nerve
Parasympathetic functions include
lens accommodation for close vision
Emotions influence autonomic reactions primarily through integration in the
hypothalumus
The possibility of some control over autonomic responses is demonstrated by
biofeedback
The vagus nerve does not innervate the
parotid gland