Viruses possess genetic material comprised of

DNA or RNA

A double-stranded, enveloped DNA virus that contains reverse transcriptase belongs to which family

hepadnaviridae

which of these processes of viral multiplication is most likely to damage the host cell?

release of viruses

members of adenoviridae cause

the common cold

which of the following are possible strategies for treating viral infection

blocking viral attachment to host cell receptors

blocking uncoating of the viruse after entry

blocking insertion of viral DNA into the host cell chromosomes

blocking biosynthesis of viral nucleic acids

ALL THE ABOVE

which method cannot be used to culture viruses in a lab

nutrient agar culture media

cell lines derived from transformed (cancerous) cells are called

continuous cell lines

an example of a latent virus infection is

shingles

during the bacteriophage lysogenic cycle

phage DNA is inserted into the host chromosome

a virus may contain any of any of the following except

ribosomes

after the attachment and entry of a virus into a host cell, what is the next step in the multiplication of animal viruses

uncoating

viruses that use RNA as a template for transcribing DNA include

retroviridae

in polio virus replication, the function of the antisense (-strand) RNA is to

serve as a template for the production of sense (+strand) RNA

which of the following statements about spikes is false

they are used for penetration

all of the following are RNA viruses except

hepatitis B virus

which of the following is NOT used as a criterion to classify viruses

biochemical tests

which of the following statements provides the most significant support for the idea that viruses are nonliving chemicals

they cannot reproduce themselves outside host

which of the following is NOT a method of culturing viruses

in culture media

bacteriophages and animal viruses do NOT differ significantly in which one of the following steps

biosynthesis

a clear area against a confluent "lawn" of bacteria is called a

plaque

the definition of lysogeny is

phage DNA is incorporated into host cell DNA

continuous cell lines differ from primary cell lines in taht

continuous cell lines can be maintained through an indefinite number of generations

a viroid is

a nonenveloped, infectious piece of RNA

a persistent infection is an infection in which

the disease process occurs gradually over a long period

which of the following would be the first step in biosynthesis of a virus with a -strand of RNA

synthesis of double-stranded RNA from an RNA template

the most common route of accidental AIDS transmission of health care workers is

needlestick

an infectious protein is a

prion

some viruses, such as human herpesvirus 1 infect a cell without causing symptoms; these are called

latent viruses

an enveloped is acquired during which of the following steps

release

the following steps occur during multiplication of retroviruses. what is the fourth step

synthesis of double-stranded DNA

viruses are considered obligatory intracellular parasites because

they require a host cell in order to multiply

characteristics of viruses

contain either DNA or RNA

contain protein coat

multiply inside living cells

causes specialized structures to transfer nucleic acids to other cells

lack enzymes for protein synthesis and ATP generation

define host range

the spectrum of host cells the virus can infect

what is a bacteriophage

viruses that infect bacteria

an infectious viral particle composed of nucleic acid and surrounded by a protein coat is

a virion

caspid

protein coat which protects the nucleic acid of a virus

capsomeres

protein subunits caspids are composed of

helical viruses

long rods, may be rigid of flexible

ebola and rabies

polyhedral

many-sized viruses

enveloped viruses

roughly spherical. caspid is covered by an envelop

influenza virus

complex virus

complicated structure

bacteriophage

nonenveloped virus

caspid aren't covered by an envelope

taxonomy of viruses

virus - genus names

viridae - family names

viral species

viruses sharing the same genetic info and ecological niche

plaques

number of clearings

Plaque-forming units

concentrations of viral suspensions measured by the number of plaques

where do they grow animal viruses in the lab

in living animals

in embryonated eggs

in cell cultures

cell deterioration is known as

cytopathic effect

adenoviridae

mastadenovirus

causes various respiratory infections

papovaviridae

papillomavirus

warts and cervical and anal cancer

poxviridae

molluscipoxvirus

smallpox and cowpox

herpesviridae

simplexvirus (HHV-1), varicellovirus (HHV-3)

fever blisters, chicken pox, shingles, etc

hepadnavirus

hepatitis B virus

picornaviridae

hepatitis A virus

togaviridae

rubivirus

rhabdoviridae

causes rabies and various animal diseases

filoviridae

enveloped, helical viruses

ebola

paramyxoviridae

morbillivirus

measles virus

orthomyxoviridae

influenza A, B, and C viruses

retroviridae

oncoviruses

leukemia and tumors

what are the two alternative mechanisms of bacteriophage multiplication

lytic cylce and lysogenic cycle

lytic cycle

end with lysis and death of host cell

lysogenic cycle

host cell remains alives

persistent viral infection

occurs gradually over a long period

latent infection

infection of the skin which produces cold sores.

latent and persistent viral infections

positive stranded RNA virus

can synthesize proteins

negative stranded RNA virus

cannot be synthesized