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68 notecards = 17 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Viruses, viroids, and prions

front 1

Viruses possess genetic material comprised of

back 1

DNA or RNA

front 2

A double-stranded, enveloped DNA virus that contains reverse transcriptase belongs to which family

back 2

hepadnaviridae

front 3

which of these processes of viral multiplication is most likely to damage the host cell?

back 3

release of viruses

front 4

members of adenoviridae cause

back 4

the common cold

front 5

which of the following are possible strategies for treating viral infection

back 5

blocking viral attachment to host cell receptors

blocking uncoating of the viruse after entry

blocking insertion of viral DNA into the host cell chromosomes

blocking biosynthesis of viral nucleic acids

ALL THE ABOVE

front 6

which method cannot be used to culture viruses in a lab

back 6

nutrient agar culture media

front 7

cell lines derived from transformed (cancerous) cells are called

back 7

continuous cell lines

front 8

an example of a latent virus infection is

back 8

shingles

front 9

during the bacteriophage lysogenic cycle

back 9

phage DNA is inserted into the host chromosome

front 10

a virus may contain any of any of the following except

back 10

ribosomes

front 11

after the attachment and entry of a virus into a host cell, what is the next step in the multiplication of animal viruses

back 11

uncoating

front 12

viruses that use RNA as a template for transcribing DNA include

back 12

retroviridae

front 13

in polio virus replication, the function of the antisense (-strand) RNA is to

back 13

serve as a template for the production of sense (+strand) RNA

front 14

which of the following statements about spikes is false

back 14

they are used for penetration

front 15

all of the following are RNA viruses except

back 15

hepatitis B virus

front 16

which of the following is NOT used as a criterion to classify viruses

back 16

biochemical tests

front 17

which of the following statements provides the most significant support for the idea that viruses are nonliving chemicals

back 17

they cannot reproduce themselves outside host

front 18

which of the following is NOT a method of culturing viruses

back 18

in culture media

front 19

bacteriophages and animal viruses do NOT differ significantly in which one of the following steps

back 19

biosynthesis

front 20

a clear area against a confluent "lawn" of bacteria is called a

back 20

plaque

front 21

the definition of lysogeny is

back 21

phage DNA is incorporated into host cell DNA

front 22

continuous cell lines differ from primary cell lines in taht

back 22

continuous cell lines can be maintained through an indefinite number of generations

front 23

a viroid is

back 23

a nonenveloped, infectious piece of RNA

front 24

a persistent infection is an infection in which

back 24

the disease process occurs gradually over a long period

front 25

which of the following would be the first step in biosynthesis of a virus with a -strand of RNA

back 25

synthesis of double-stranded RNA from an RNA template

front 26

the most common route of accidental AIDS transmission of health care workers is

back 26

needlestick

front 27

an infectious protein is a

back 27

prion

front 28

some viruses, such as human herpesvirus 1 infect a cell without causing symptoms; these are called

back 28

latent viruses

front 29

an enveloped is acquired during which of the following steps

back 29

release

front 30

the following steps occur during multiplication of retroviruses. what is the fourth step

back 30

synthesis of double-stranded DNA

front 31

viruses are considered obligatory intracellular parasites because

back 31

they require a host cell in order to multiply

front 32

characteristics of viruses

back 32

contain either DNA or RNA

contain protein coat

multiply inside living cells

causes specialized structures to transfer nucleic acids to other cells

lack enzymes for protein synthesis and ATP generation

front 33

define host range

back 33

the spectrum of host cells the virus can infect

front 34

what is a bacteriophage

back 34

viruses that infect bacteria

front 35

an infectious viral particle composed of nucleic acid and surrounded by a protein coat is

back 35

a virion

front 36

caspid

back 36

protein coat which protects the nucleic acid of a virus

front 37

capsomeres

back 37

protein subunits caspids are composed of

front 38

helical viruses

back 38

long rods, may be rigid of flexible

ebola and rabies

front 39

polyhedral

back 39

many-sized viruses

front 40

enveloped viruses

back 40

roughly spherical. caspid is covered by an envelop

influenza virus

front 41

complex virus

back 41

complicated structure

bacteriophage

front 42

nonenveloped virus

back 42

caspid aren't covered by an envelope

front 43

taxonomy of viruses

back 43

virus - genus names

viridae - family names

front 44

viral species

back 44

viruses sharing the same genetic info and ecological niche

front 45

plaques

back 45

number of clearings

front 46

Plaque-forming units

back 46

concentrations of viral suspensions measured by the number of plaques

front 47

where do they grow animal viruses in the lab

back 47

in living animals

in embryonated eggs

in cell cultures

front 48

cell deterioration is known as

back 48

cytopathic effect

front 49

adenoviridae

back 49

mastadenovirus

causes various respiratory infections

front 50

papovaviridae

back 50

papillomavirus

warts and cervical and anal cancer

front 51

poxviridae

back 51

molluscipoxvirus

smallpox and cowpox

front 52

herpesviridae

back 52

simplexvirus (HHV-1), varicellovirus (HHV-3)

fever blisters, chicken pox, shingles, etc

front 53

hepadnavirus

back 53

hepatitis B virus

front 54

picornaviridae

back 54

hepatitis A virus

front 55

togaviridae

back 55

rubivirus

front 56

rhabdoviridae

back 56

causes rabies and various animal diseases

front 57

filoviridae

back 57

enveloped, helical viruses

ebola

front 58

paramyxoviridae

back 58

morbillivirus

measles virus

front 59

orthomyxoviridae

back 59

influenza A, B, and C viruses

front 60

retroviridae

back 60

oncoviruses

leukemia and tumors

front 61

what are the two alternative mechanisms of bacteriophage multiplication

back 61

lytic cylce and lysogenic cycle

front 62

lytic cycle

back 62

end with lysis and death of host cell

front 63

lysogenic cycle

back 63

host cell remains alives

front 64

persistent viral infection

back 64

occurs gradually over a long period

front 65

latent infection

back 65

infection of the skin which produces cold sores.

front 66

latent and persistent viral infections

back 66

front 67

positive stranded RNA virus

back 67

can synthesize proteins

front 68

negative stranded RNA virus

back 68

cannot be synthesized