The mechanism that establishes the medullary osmotic gradient depends most on the permeability properties of the ________

nephron loop

Which of the following is not associated with the renal corpuscle?

a vasa recta

An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to a(n) ________

increased production of ADH

The urinary bladder is composed of ________ epithelium.

transitional

The kidneys are stimulated to produce renin ________.

by a decrease in blood pressure

Which of the choices below is not a function of the urinary system

a. eliminates solid, undigested wastes and excretes carbon dioxide, water, salts, and heat

The ________ artery lies on the boundary between the cortex and medulla of the kidney.

arcuate

The glomerulus differs from other capillaries in the body in that it ________

is drained by an efferent arteriole

The descending limb of the nephron loop ________.

contains fluid that becomes more concentrated as it moves down into the medulla

Select the correct statement about the ureters

The ureters are capable of peristalsis like that of the gastrointestinal tract.

The fatty tissue surrounding the kidneys is important because it ________.

stabilizes the position of the kidneys by holding them in their normal position

The renal corpuscle is made up of ________.

Bowman's capsule and glomerulus

The functional and structural unit of the kidneys is the ________.

nephron

Which of the following does not describe the justaglomerular complex?

Its macula densa cells produce aldosterone.

The chief force pushing water and solutes out of the blood across the filtration membrane is ________.

glomerular hydrostatic pressure (glomerular blood pressure)

Which of the following acts as the trigger for the initiation of micturition (voiding)?

the stretching of the bladder wall

The filtration membrane includes all except ________.

renal fascia

The mechanism of water reabsorption by the renal tubules is ________.

osmosis

Most electrolyte reabsorption by the renal tubules is ________.

hormonally controlled in distal tubule segments

The macula densa cells respond to ________.

changes in solute content of the filtrate

Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?

creatnine

The fluid in the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of ________.

plasma protein

Alcohol acts as a diuretic because it ________.

inhibits a release of ADH

The function of angiotensin II is to ________.

constrict arterioles and increase blood pressure

A disease caused by inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) by the pituitary gland with symptoms of polyuria is ________.

diabetes insipidus