The mechanism that establishes the medullary osmotic gradient depends most on the permeability properties of the ________
nephron loop
Which of the following is not associated with the renal corpuscle?
a vasa recta
An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to a(n) ________
increased production of ADH
The urinary bladder is composed of ________ epithelium.
transitional
The kidneys are stimulated to produce renin ________.
by a decrease in blood pressure
Which of the choices below is not a function of the urinary system
a. eliminates solid, undigested wastes and excretes carbon dioxide, water, salts, and heat
The ________ artery lies on the boundary between the cortex and medulla of the kidney.
arcuate
The glomerulus differs from other capillaries in the body in that it ________
is drained by an efferent arteriole
The descending limb of the nephron loop ________.
contains fluid that becomes more concentrated as it moves down into the medulla
Select the correct statement about the ureters
The ureters are capable of peristalsis like that of the gastrointestinal tract.
The fatty tissue surrounding the kidneys is important because it ________.
stabilizes the position of the kidneys by holding them in their normal position
The renal corpuscle is made up of ________.
Bowman's capsule and glomerulus
The functional and structural unit of the kidneys is the ________.
nephron
Which of the following does not describe the justaglomerular complex?
Its macula densa cells produce aldosterone.
The chief force pushing water and solutes out of the blood across the filtration membrane is ________.
glomerular hydrostatic pressure (glomerular blood pressure)
Which of the following acts as the trigger for the initiation of micturition (voiding)?
the stretching of the bladder wall
The filtration membrane includes all except ________.
renal fascia
The mechanism of water reabsorption by the renal tubules is ________.
osmosis
Most electrolyte reabsorption by the renal tubules is ________.
hormonally controlled in distal tubule segments
The macula densa cells respond to ________.
changes in solute content of the filtrate
Which of the following is not reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?
creatnine
The fluid in the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of ________.
plasma protein
Alcohol acts as a diuretic because it ________.
inhibits a release of ADH
The function of angiotensin II is to ________.
constrict arterioles and increase blood pressure
A disease caused by inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) by the pituitary gland with symptoms of polyuria is ________.
diabetes insipidus