St. Cath Sept.
If a radiographer is injured at work and requires an x-ray of the knee, where should they place their dosimeter?
At collar level under a lead apron
At collar level
outside the lead apron
At waist level under the lead apron
None of the above
None of the above
The most sensitive period to radiation during pregnancy is:
First Trimester
Second Trimester
Third Trimester
Fourth Trimester
First Trimester
Having a patient breathe into a paper bag is used for:
Hyperventilation
Emphysema
Tachycardia
Cyanosis
Hyperventilation
The chemical compound used as a material for thermoluminescent
dosimetry is:
Calcium tungstate
Lithium fluoride
Silver bromide
Sodium iodide
Lithium fluoride
Why do mammographers generally receive very little radiation exposure?
The type of radiation used is different than in general radiography
There is more shielding used in the construction of mammography rooms
The low levels of kVp produce very little scatter
Mammographers always wear lead aprons
The low levels of kVp produce very little scatter
Doubling the mAs used to produce a radiograph will deliver _________ the ESE (Entrance Skin Exposure.)
One fourth
One half
Two times
Four times
Two times
Which of the following are examples of inherent filtration?
1.
Glass envelope of x-ray tube
2. Insulating oil around x-ray
tube
3. Aluminum sheets near tube window
1 only
3 only
1 &2
1, 2, & 3
1 &2
Which of the following protective devices on fluoroscopic equipment helps reduce unnecessary radiation to the patient?
1. Collimator
2. Protective lead curtain
3. Dead-man switch
1 only
2 only
1 & 2 only
1 & 3 only
1, 2, & 3
1 & 3 only
Which of the following are symptoms of the hematologic
syndrome?
1. Vomiting, diarrhea
2. Malaise, lethargy
3.
Seizures
4. Disorientation
1 & 3
2 & 3
1 &2
1, 2 & 3
1, 2, 3 & 4
1 &2
The quality of an x-ray beam can be expressed as:
Half-value layer
Output in mR per minute
Inherent filtration
mAs
Half-value layer
Sources of natural radiation include:
1. Cosmic radiation
2. Background radiation
3. Leakage radiation
1 only
1 and 2
2 and 3
1, 2, and 3
1 and 2
To reduce patient exposure during pulse mode fluoroscopy,_ should be chosen.
Highest rnA
Smallest pulse width
Lower kVp
Reduced SSD
Smallest pulse width
Which of the following combinations would be necessary for a barrier utilized for radiation protection purposes?
Low atomic number and low density (grams/cc.)
Low atomic number and high density (grams/cc.)
High atomic number and low density (grams/cc.)
High atomic number and high density (grams/cc.)
High atomic number and high density (grams/cc.)
Genetic effects of radiation would be seen in:
Newborn
patient who had been radiated as a fetus
Radiologic technologists
The individual who was irradiated
The offspring of an irradiated individual
The offspring of an irradiated individual
The radiation dose to an individual will increase __ if the time
spent in the same position doubles.
2 times
4 times
8 times
16 times
2 times
Beam collimation helps reduce the incidence of___________interactions resulting in decreased scatter from the patient.
Classical
Thompson
Photoelectric
Compton
Compton
In reference to the diagram of a photo-stimulable phosphor imaging plate below. The letter A is beside _______________ layer.
Protective
Phosphor
Support
Conductor
Protective
In reference to the diagram of a photo-stimulable phosphor imaging plate below. The letter A is beside _______________ layer.
Protective
Phosphor
Support
Conductor
Protective
In reference to the diagram of a photo-stimulable phosphor imaging
plate below. Which letter
refers to the phosphor layer?
Letter A
Letter B
Letter C
Letter E
Letter B
Which of the following could be used to check the timer on a three- phase x-ray machine?
Spinning top
Motorized spinning top
Step wedge
Sensitometer
Motorized spinning top
The reason most x-ray tubes contain two filaments is to provide:
Two focal spot sizes
The ability to rotor and expose
High and low voltage
High and low amperage
Two focal spot sizes
Grids are generally recommended for _________x-rays with CR imaging plates due to their great sensitivity to scatter radiation.
1. Finger
2. Femur
3. Portable Abdomen
1
2
3
2 & 3
1,2, & 3
2 & 3
The normal image intensifier tube is a glass envelope that has been:
Gas filled
Air filled
Gas evacuated
Liquid filled
Gas evacuated
Which of the following operates most effectively with direct current?
Transformer
Autotransformer
X-ray tube
X-ray tube
Limiting the primary beam can reduce the exposure outside the x-ray
field by up to _
times.
4
25
50
100
100
In linear tomography, as the exposure angle (amplitude, arc)
increases the:
Section thickness increases
Patient dose decreases
Contrast resolution decreases
Section thickness decreases
Section thickness decreases
Which of the following types of motors is utilized to rotate the
anode in the x-ray tube?
Direct current
Synchronous motor
Induction motor
Induction motor
The phosphor in the PSP_______________during the x-ray exposure.
Emits a laser light
Converts x-rays directly to an electronic signal
Traps electrons
Converts light directly to an electronic signal
Traps electrons
The increased efficiency of rare earth intensifying screens over
those constructed of calcium tungstate is due to the:
Increased ability of the phosphor to absorb x-rays
Utilization of larger crystals
Utilization of a thicker layer of crystals
Incorporation of a dye in the emulsion
Increased ability of the phosphor to absorb x-rays
Determine the missing factor that will produce the same exposure to the image receptor as the original set of exposure factors.
500 mA ________ mA
.12 second .20 second
200 film/screen
speed 100 film/screen speed
100
200
300
400
600
600
Determine the missing factor that will produce the same exposure to the image receptor as the original set of exposure factors.
400 mA 200 mA
.05 second _____ second
8:1 Grid 5:1 Grid
.05
.08
.16
.32
.50
.05
Determine the missing factor that will produce the same exposure to the image receptor as the original set of exposure factors.
400 mA ________ mA
.20 second .20 second
70 kVp 80 kVp
100
200
300
400
600
200
Determine the missing factor that will produce the same exposure to the image receptor as the original set of exposure factors.
300 mA 200 mA
.05 second _____ second
35” SID
50”SID
.02
.04
.07
.12
.15
.15
Determine the missing factor that will produce the same exposure to the image receptor as the original set of exposure factors.
400 mA 200 mA
.05 second _____ second
90 kVp 104 kVp
8:1 Grid 5:1 Grid
.007
.01
.025
.5
.75
.025
A portable radiograph of the femur is obtained utilizing the
following exposure factors:
100 rnA, 1/4 sec., 70 kVp, 40"
SID, and no grid.
Due to the situation, a 50" SID is to be utilized. In order to maintain the same exposure to the IR, the mAs should be adjusted to:
5 mAs
10 mAs
20 mAs
Correct!
40 mAs
60 mAs
40 mAs
Which of the following structures of the eye is considered the most radiosensitive?
Cornea
Iris
Lens
Optic nerve
Lens
A portable radiograph of the femur is obtained utilizing the following exposure factors:
100 rnA, 1/4 sec., 70 kVp, 40" SID, and no grid. Due to the
situation, a 50" SID is to be utilized. In order to maintain the
same exposure to the IR, the mAs should be adjusted to: what would be
the resultant effect to recorded detail?
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same
Increase
A portable radiograph of the femur is obtained utilizing the
following exposure factors:
100 rnA, 1/4 sec., 70 kVp, 40"
SID, and no grid.
Due to the situation, a 50" SID is to be
utilized. What would be the resultant effect to magnification?
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same
Decrease
A portable radiograph of the femur is obtained utilizing the
following exposure factors:
100 rnA, 1/4 sec., 70 kVp, 40"
SID, and no grid. Which of the following changes would result in
production of a shorter scale of film contrast while maintaining the
same exposure to the IR?
Utilize a 5:1 grid and increase the mAs to 50
Decrease the SID to 35" and increase time to 1/5 sec.
Increase the kVp to 80 and decrease the rnA to 50
Increase the SID to 50" and increase the rnA to 200
Utilize a 5:1 grid and increase the mAs to 50
A portable radiograph of the femur is obtained utilizing the
following exposure factors:
100 rnA, 1/4 sec., 70 kVp, 40"
SID, and no grid. Which of the following would describe the resultant
effect of utilizing a 5:1 grid and increasing the mA to 200?
(1)
Exposure to the IR would not be affected
(2) Increased recorded
detail
(3) Increased magnification
1
2
1 and 2
2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2
Use of the high ratio grid depicted above would result in:
(1) Decreased production of scattered radiation
(2) Increased
possibility of grid cut-off
(3) Increased absorption of scattered radiation
1
1 and 2
2 and 3
1 and 3
1. 2 and 3
2 and 3
The type of PACS storage with the fastest data transfer time is:
Near-line
Online
Offline
IHE
Online
Which of the following is going to have the greatest effect on
definition?
Focal spot size
Screen speed
Use of grids
Motion
Motion
Which of the following pathological conditions may require a decrease in mAs or kVp to maintain an acceptable density?
1) Paget's disease (late stage)
2) Pulmonary emphysema
3) Osteoporosis
1
2
1 and 2
2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
2 and 3
The amount of exposure produced at a 40" SID is 90 mR per exposure. If all other factors remain the same, what would be the exposure in mR if the SID is increased to 60"?
25 mR
40 mR
90 mR
100 mR
200 mR
40 mR
The amount of exposure produced at a 40" SID is 90 mR per exposure. If all other factors remain the same, what would be the exposure in mR if the SID is increased to 60"?
25 mR
40 mR
90 mR
100 mR
200 mR
40 mR
The amount of exposure produced at a 40" SID is 90 mR per exposure. If all other factors remain the same, what would be the exposure in mR if the SID is increased to 60"?
25 mR
40 mR
90 mR
100 mR
200 mR
100 mR
Excessive __________ can drastically and negatively alter the data set and reduce the diagnostic quality of the digital image.
Windowing
Levelling
Scintillation
Windowing and Leveling
Windowing, Leveling, and Scinitillation
Windowing and Leveling
The protective drape on the fluoroscopic tower must contain ---mm
lead equivalent.
.25
.5
1.0
2.5
.25
Temperature control in an automatic processor can be regulated by:
Water-mixing valve
Thermostatically controlled heating element
Heatexchanger
All of the above
All of the above
When adjusted, which of the following factors provides a direct
proportional relationship with the number of x-rays produced?
mA
SID
kVp
Intensifying screen speed
Grid ratio
mA
Which of the following would affect the demonstration of the anode heel effect?
1. SID
2. mAs
3. IR size
1
2
1 and 2
1 and 3
1, 2 and 3
1 and 3
Increasing the SID with compensation of mAs to maintain exposure to their will result in an increase Of:
1) Film contrast
2) Recorded detail
3) Magnification
1
2
1 and 2
1 and 3
1, 2 and 3
2
The term used to describe recorded detail in digital imaging
is:
Recorded detail
Digital detail
Spatial resolution
Digital distortion
Spatial resolution
Increasing the energy of the x-ray beam will result in:
Increased recorded detail
Reduction of quantum mottle
Production of a shorter scale of film contrast
Production of a longer scale of film contrast
Production of a longer scale of film contrast
Which of the following is considered a pre-processing function for digital radiography?
Windowing
Levelling
Histogram analysis
Annotation
Histogram analysis
The structure designated in the diagram as No. 1 is the:
Coronoid process
Coracoid process
Condyle
Styloid process
Neck
Condyle
The structure designated in the diagram as No. 3 is the:
Inion
Gonion
Bregma
Mentalprotuberance
Gonion
The structure designated in the diagram as No. 4 is the:
Mandibular notch
Mandibular condyle
Areolar process
Alveolar process
Alveolar process
Which of the following combinations would result in the least patient dose and the lowest amount of heat delivered to the anode?
Low mAs and low kVp
Low mAs and high kVp
High mAs and low kVp
High mAs and high kVp
Low mAs and high kVp
The structure designated in the diagram as No. 7 is the:
Condyle
Coronoid process
Mandibular notch
Coracoid process
Coronoid process
Which of the following would result in projecting the sternum within the heart shadow while eliminating superimposition of the spine?
PA projection
Right lateral projection
Right anterior oblique position
Left anterior oblique position
Right anterior oblique position
When positioning a patient for a supine pelvis film, the feet and
legs are internally rotated to:
Demonstrate the lesser trochanters
Demonstrate the obturator foramen free of superimposition
Place the long axis of the femoral neck parallel to the film
Rotation of the feet and legs is not necessary for correct positioning
Place the long axis of the femoral neck parallel to the film
Which of the following would best demonstrate the sphenoid sinuses?
PA projection (Caldwell method)
Parietoacanthial projection (Waters method)
Submentovertex projection
AxiolateralOblique position (Law method)
Submentovertex projection
The function of a 5° cephalad tube angulation for a lateral projection of the knee is to:
Provide improved demonstration of the patella
Compensate for magnification of the medial femoral condyle
Compensate for magnification of the lateral femoral condyle
Provide improved demonstration of the intercondyloid fossa
Compensate for magnification of the medial femoral condyle
A palpable bony process located on the lateral surface of the wrist is the:
Radial head
Scaphoid
Ulnar styloid process
Radial styloid process
Radial styloid process
The lateral-border of the clavicle articulates with the:
Coracoid process
Coronoid process
Acromion process
Manubrium
Manubrial notch
Acromion process
Which of the central ray positions shown in the diagram will best
demonstrate the radial head?
1
2
3
1 and 3
1
The central ray positions 1 and 3 can be used:
When the
patient cannot extend elbow fully for obliques
To show occult fractures of the elbow
To show dislocations of the elbow
All of the above
All of the above
Which position/projection shows the right colic flexure without significant superimposition for a barium enema?
PA
RAO
LAO
Vental decubitus
RAO
The Sl unit for the rad is the:
Curie
Becquerel
Sievert
Gray
Gray
Which of the following structures of a thoracic vertebra articulate with the tubercle of a rib?
Spinous process
Transverse process
Body
Pedicle
Transverse process
A patient is positioned for a lateral projection of the skull. The mental point is closer to the film than the nasion. This could be compensated for by directing the central ray:
Cephalad
Caudad
Anterior
Posterior
Perpendicular to the film
Cephalad
Which of the following would best demonstrate the lateral malleolus free of superimposition?
AP projection
45 degree oblique position with medial rotation
45 degree oblique position with lateral rotation
Lateral projection
45 degree oblique position with medial rotation
Which of the following would best demonstrate the lateral malleolus free of superimposition?
AP projection
45 degree oblique position with medial rotation
45 degree oblique position with lateral rotation
Lateral projection
45 degree oblique position with medial rotation
Which of the following would be closest to the film for a lateral
projection of the 5th finger demonstrating minimal
distortion?
(1) Hamate (2) Distal radius (3) Distal ulna
1
2
1 and 2
1 and 3
2 and 3
1 and 3
From the lungs, blood is returned to the left atrium by the:
Left ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary veins
Aorta
Pulmonary veins
In order to provide maximum demonstration of the glenoid cavity, the
body of the scapula should be:
Parallel with the IR
Perpendicular with the IR
At a 45 degree angle with the plane of the film
Parallel with the central ray
Parallel with the IR
The classification of body habitus which would include the highest
percentage of the population is:
Asthenic
Hyposthenic
Hypersthenic
Sthenic
Sthenic
When performing a radiographic examination of the stomach, which position/projection demonstrates barium in the fundus?
RAO
PA
AP
Right lateral
AP
To demonstrate the lumbosacral junction with the patient in the lateral position, the central ray should be directed to:
The crest of the ilium
The anterosuperior iliac spine
A point 1 1/2" inferior to the iliac crest
A point 1 1/2" inferior to the ASIS
A point 1 1/2" inferior to the iliac crest
The junction of the frontal and two parietal bones is termed the:
Lambda
Glabella
Gonion
Bregma
Bregma
A linear dose-response relationship to radiation assumes that the response to radiation is:
Inversely proportional to the dose of radiation
Independent of the dose of radiation
Directly proportional to the dose of radiation
Variable, depending on the Quality Factor
Directly proportional to the dose of radiation
Which of the following would demonstrate the pisiform free of superimposition?
PA projection
AP projection
Lateral projection
Carpal tunnel projection
Carpal tunnel projection
Which of the following are NOT retroperitoneal structures?
Kidneys
Urethra
Ureters
Adrenal glands
Urethra
Which of the following areas refers to the popliteal area?
Medial knee
Lateral knee
Anterior knee
Posterior knee
Posterior knee
The structure designated as No. 1 on the radiograph is:
The superior articular process of the axis
The inferior articular process of the axis
The lateral masses of the atlas
The occipital condyles
The lateral masses of the atlas
The structure designated as No. 2 on the radiograph is the:
Odontoid process of the atlas
Odontoid process of the axis
Superior articular process of the axis
Inferior articular process of the axis
Odontoid process of the axis
Which of the following is parallel to the central ray for the radiograph?
Occlusal plane of the upper teeth
Occlusal plane of the lower teeth
Orbitomeatal line
Glabellomeatal line
Occlusal plane of the upper teeth
The radiographer should ___________ while performing an exam on an unconscious patient?
1. Use the patient's name
2. Tell the patient what you are do
3. Talk to the radiographer in the next room
Use the
patient's name
Tell the patient what you are doing
Talk to the radiographer in the next room
1&2
1,2,& 3
1&2
The _____________pulse is the most accurate pulse measurement
Temporal
Radial
Femoral
Apical
Apical
If the gauge number of an IV needle is small, it means that
the:
Diameter is larger
Diameter is smaller
Length is longer
Length is longer
Diameter is larger
Which of the following contrast medium characteristics would be less
likely to cause adverse reactions in the patient?
Ionic
High iodine concentration
Low osmolality
High viscosity
Low osmolality
Which of the following could have a positive effect on reducing radiation exposure to the general population?
Computerized tomography machines
Tomography machines
Fluoroscopic machines
Automatic exposure controls
Automatic exposure controls
When helping a patient transfer from a wheelchair to the x-ray table,
their __________
side should be closest to the x-ray table.
Right
Left
Strongest
Weakest
Strongest
A high diastolic blood pressure reading would be:
100/60 mm Hg
170/70 mm Hg
120/95 mm Hg
140/75 mm Hg
120/95 mm Hg
Radiographers do NOT usually record:
Administration of contrast
Exam results
Changes in patient status
Reactions to contrast media
Exam results
This disease enters and exits the human host via a vector.
Lyme's disease
HIV
Tuberculosis
Anthrax
Lyme's disease
Nitroglycerin is often taken by patients to relieve pectoris angina. What is the normal method of administration?
Oral
Sublingual
Intradermal
Intravenous
Sublingual
Which of the following precautions should be applied to all patients
regardless of diagnosis and infection status?
Standard
Airborne
Droplet
Contact
Standard