Raised area on lateral surface of humerus to which deltoid muscle attaches

Deltoid tuberosity

Arm bone

Humerus

Bones of the shoulder girdle

Sapulpa and clavicle

Forearm bones

Radius and ulna

Scapular region to which the clavicle connects

Acromion

Shoulder girdle bone that is unattached to the axial skeleton

Scapula

Shoulder girdle bone that articulates with and transmits forces to the bony thorax

Clavicle

Depression in the Scapular that articulates with the humerus

Glenoid cavity

Process above the glenoid cavity that permits muscle attachment

Coracoid process

The "collarbone"

Clavicle

Distal Cordele of the humerus that articulates with the ulna

Trochlea

Medial bone of the forearm in anatomical position

Ulna

Rounded knob on the humerus; adjoins the radius

Capitulum

Anterior depression, superior to the trachea, that receives part of the ulna when the forearm is flexed

Coronoid fossa

Forearm bone involved in formation of the elbow joint

Ulna

Wrist bones

Carpals

Finger bones

Phalanges

Heads of these bones form the knuckles

Metacarpals

Bones that articulate with the clavicle

Scapular and sternum

How is the arm held clear of the widest dimension of the thoracic cage?

Clavicle serves as an anterior base or strut to hold the arm away from the top of the thorax

What is the total number of phalanges in the hand?

14

What is the total number of carpal in the wrist?

8

Name the carpals (medial to lateral) in the proximal row.

prisform - triquetral - lunate - scaphoid

Name the carpal (medial to lateral) in the distal row.

trapezium - trapezoid - capitate - hamate

Descriptive terms for the pectoral girdle

1. Flexibility most important

2. Lightweight

3. Insecure axial and limb attachments

Descriptive terms for the pelvic girdle

1. Massive

2. Secure axial and limb attachments

3. Weight-bearing most important

What organs are protected, at least in part, by the pelvic girdle?

Uterus, urinary bladder, rectum, small intestine, reproductive organs

Distinguish between the true pelvis and the false pelvise

True pelvis - Small bowl-like shape containing the urinary bladder and sexual organs

False pelvis - Area between alla (wings of pelvis) - contains some abdominal organs

Difference between male and female pelvis

Female pelvis: further apart than males, scrum is wider, shorter, and less curved than males, pelvic inlet is wider, oval from side-to-side

Deduce why the pelvic bones of a four-legged animal such as the cat or pig are much less massive than those of the human.

Pelvic bones of two-legged animals have to carry more weight (divided by 2)

Four-legged animals divides it's weight over four legs

A person instinctively curls over his abdominal area in times of danger. Why?

To present a smaller target

To protect internal organs and genitalia

For what anatomical reason do many women appear to be slightly knock-kneed?

Women have wider pelvises than men and the angle of the hips turn the legs slightly inward.

How might the anatomical arrangement of the hips contribute to knee injuries in female athletes?

Can be more prone to knee related injuries due to high intensity knee landing or impact since the knee is already in a weak position

What does fallen arches mean?

Flat-footed

Breaking down of the longitudinal or traverse arch of the foot

________, ________, and ________ fuse to form the coxal bone

Ilium, Ischium, and pubis

"Sit-down" bone of the coxal bone

Ischium

Point where the coxal bones join anteriorly

Pubic symphysis

Superiormost margin of the coal bone

Iliac crest

Deep socket in the coxal bone that receives the head of the thigh bone

Acetabulum

Joint between axial skeleton and pelvic girdle

Sacroliliac joint

Longest, strongest bone in the body

Femur

Thin lateral leg bone

Fibula

Heavy medial leg bone

Tibia

__________, ___________ bones forming the knee joing

Femur, tibia, patella

Point where the patellar ligament attaches

Tibial tuberosity

Kneecap

Patella

Shinbone

Tibia

Medial ankle projection

Medial malleolus

Lateral ankle projection

Lateral malleolus

Largest tarsal bone

Calcaneus

Ankle bones

Tarsals

Bones forming the instep of the foot

Metatarsals

Opening in hip bone formed by the pubic and ischial rami

Obturator foramen

_____ and _____ : sites of muscle attachment on the proximal femur

Gluteal tuberosity and Greater and lesser trochanters

Tarsal bone that "sits" on the calcaneus

Talus

Weight-bearing bone of the leg

Tibia

Tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia

Talus