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Micro Bio Chp 9 Exam 3

1.

Which of the following infectious agents is least resistant to destruction by chemical methods?

enveloped viruses

2.

Which of the following statements is TRUE of disinfectants?

They are used on inanimate surfaces

3.

A stationary broth culture contains 10 billion (1010 )cells. the microbial death rate during autoclaving of this spent culture is 1.5 minutes. How long must it be autoclaved to be considered sterile?

16.5 min

4.

Which of the following is an example of sanitization?

A public toilet is treated with disinfectants

5.

Aseptic means?

free of pathogens

6.

Which of the following is bacteriostatic?

freezing below 0*C

7.

Antimicrobial agents that damage nucleic acids also effect

protein synthesis

8.

Seventy percent alcohol is effective against

enveloped viruses.

9.

An instrument that will come into contact with only the skin of a patient should be disinfected with a

low-level germicide

10.

Which of the following is the most difficult to inactivate?

bacterial endospores

11.

Which of the following describes flash pasteurization?

heating at 72*C for 15 seconds

12.

The dairy creamer used in restaurants is usually treated by

ultra-high temperature pasteurization

13.

Boiling water for 10 minutes is effective in ridding it of

both growing bacteria and enveloped viruses

14.

Which of the following is NOT a feature associated with filtration?

varying thickness of membrane filters used

15.

Which of the following is a target of pasteurization?

Brucella melitiensis

16.

Which of the following types of radiation is non ionizing and has the shortest wavelength?

ultraviolet light

17.

Which of the following is used for microbial control in fresh fruits and vegetables?

gamma ray

18.

Which of the following can be used to disinfect air?

both HEPA filters and ultraviolet light

19.

Silvadene, a topical treatment for burns, contains 1% silver. What category of chemical control agent is in Silvadene?

heavy metals

20.

Which of the following is the most appropriate pairing of microbe and biosafety level?

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), BSL-2

21.

The use of lysozyme during the preparation of cheeses and wines is effective in reducing the numbers of

bacteria

22.

Which of the following statements about quaternary ammonium compounds is FALSE:

they function by cross-linking proteins

23.

Which of the following is a sterilizing agent?

peracetic acid

24.

Which of the following was used in the past to prevent the transmission of gonorrhea from an infected mother to her newborn?

silver nitrate

25.

Which of the following is used to sterilize items that should not, or cannot, be exposed to heat or water?

ethylene oxide

26.

Which of the following statements about aldehydes is FALSE?

they are used only to preserve dead tissue

27.

Disinfecting agents naturally produced by microorganisms are

antimicrobials

28.

A chemical agent that kills pathogenic microbes in general is a

germicide

29.

Which of the following is NOT a desirable characteristic of an ideal antimicrobial agent?

It only arrests growth of vegetative cells

30.

The endospores of which of the following microbes are used to measure the effectiveness of autoclave sterilization?

Bacillus stearothermophilus

31.

A scientist develops a new medication that is a protein compound and that must be administered by injection. Which of the following would be the most effective and safest means of preparing a sterile solution of the new medication?

filtration

32.

Which of the following procedures is currently the standard test used in the United States for evaluating the efficiency of antiseptics and disinfectants?

use-dilution test

33.

Which of the following would be used to sterilize a mattress?

ethylene oxide

34.

Disinfectants that damage membranes include

both alcohol and phenolics

35.

Which of the following antimicrobial agents is most toxic to humans?

ethylene oxide

36.

The process of filtration is a

sterilizing method

37.

Hydrogen peroxide is a

disinfecting and sterilizing agent

38.

The process of incineration is used for

sterilization

39.

Alcohols are used for

both antisepsis and disinfection

40.

The chemical agents known as "quats" are used for

disinfection

41.

The compound ethylene oxide is used in

sterilization

42.

Gularaldehyde is used for

both disinfection and sterilization

43.

_____ may be achieved using chlorine dioxide.

Disinfection

44.

Gamma irradiation is a process for

sterilization

45.

______ is the physical removal of microbes.

Degerming

46.

The process of freeze-drying microbes to preserve them is (lyophilization/dessication)

lyophilization

47.

Natural antiseptics such as pine or clove oil are examples of antimicrobial compounds called (alcohols/ phenolics/ detergents).

phenolics

48.

An (iodophor/ halogen) is an iodine-containing organic compound found in such antiseptics as Betadine.

iodophor

49.

Disinfectants known as (alcohols/ oxidizers/ aldehydes) have the chemical group-CHO, which reacts with and damages both proteins and nucleic acids.

aldehydes

50.

The lowest temperature that kills all cells in a broth in 10 minutes is known as the (microbial/ thermal) death point.

Thermal

51.

The amount of time needed to sterilize materials using moist heat is (more/less) than the time needed to sterilize using dry heat.

less

52.

Microbial growth in jellies is inhibited by the ( acidic/ hypotonic/ hypertonic) condition of the food.

hypertonic

53.

The deadliest, most contagious microbes are studied under conditions of (BSL-4/ BSL-3/ BSL-2/ BSL-1) containment.

BSL-4

54.

Ultraviolet light penetrates (more/less) effectively than gamma rays.

less

55.

The antimicrobial chemical pictured above is a (phenolic/ surfactant/ enzyme) compound found in many consumer products.

phenolic

56.

Elements such as iodine, chlorine, and bromine are examples of (oxidizers/ halogens/ metals), which are the basis for many effective antimicrobial agents.

halogens

57.

Heavy metal and oxidizing agent disinfectants damage (proteins/ DNA/ membranes), interfering with microbial metabolism.

proteins

58.

The (endospore/ cysts/ prions) are the infectious agents most resistant to antimicrobial agents or processes.

prions

59.

The process of heating milk or fruit juice to levels that kill any pathogenic microbes present is known as (pasteurization/ sanitization/ lyophilization).

pasterurization

60.

The effectiveness of sterilization procedures is evaluated using (prions/ cysts/ endospores) because of their resilience.

endospores