front 1 Which of the following infectious agents is least resistant to destruction by chemical methods? | back 1 enveloped viruses |
front 2 Which of the following statements is TRUE of disinfectants? | back 2 They are used on inanimate surfaces |
front 3 A stationary broth culture contains 10 billion (1010 )cells. the microbial death rate during autoclaving of this spent culture is 1.5 minutes. How long must it be autoclaved to be considered sterile? | back 3 16.5 min |
front 4 Which of the following is an example of sanitization? | back 4 A public toilet is treated with disinfectants |
front 5 Aseptic means? | back 5 free of pathogens |
front 6 Which of the following is bacteriostatic? | back 6 freezing below 0*C |
front 7 Antimicrobial agents that damage nucleic acids also effect | back 7 protein synthesis |
front 8 Seventy percent alcohol is effective against | back 8 enveloped viruses. |
front 9 An instrument that will come into contact with only the skin of a patient should be disinfected with a | back 9 low-level germicide |
front 10 Which of the following is the most difficult to inactivate? | back 10 bacterial endospores |
front 11 Which of the following describes flash pasteurization? | back 11 heating at 72*C for 15 seconds |
front 12 The dairy creamer used in restaurants is usually treated by | back 12 ultra-high temperature pasteurization |
front 13 Boiling water for 10 minutes is effective in ridding it of | back 13 both growing bacteria and enveloped viruses |
front 14 Which of the following is NOT a feature associated with filtration? | back 14 varying thickness of membrane filters used |
front 15 Which of the following is a target of pasteurization? | back 15 Brucella melitiensis |
front 16 Which of the following types of radiation is non ionizing and has the shortest wavelength? | back 16 ultraviolet light |
front 17 Which of the following is used for microbial control in fresh fruits and vegetables? | back 17 gamma ray |
front 18 Which of the following can be used to disinfect air? | back 18 both HEPA filters and ultraviolet light |
front 19 Silvadene, a topical treatment for burns, contains 1% silver. What category of chemical control agent is in Silvadene? | back 19 heavy metals |
front 20 Which of the following is the most appropriate pairing of microbe and biosafety level? | back 20 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), BSL-2 |
front 21 The use of lysozyme during the preparation of cheeses and wines is effective in reducing the numbers of | back 21 bacteria |
front 22 Which of the following statements about quaternary ammonium compounds is FALSE: | back 22 they function by cross-linking proteins |
front 23 Which of the following is a sterilizing agent? | back 23 peracetic acid |
front 24 Which of the following was used in the past to prevent the transmission of gonorrhea from an infected mother to her newborn? | back 24 silver nitrate |
front 25 Which of the following is used to sterilize items that should not, or cannot, be exposed to heat or water? | back 25 ethylene oxide |
front 26 Which of the following statements about aldehydes is FALSE? | back 26 they are used only to preserve dead tissue |
front 27 Disinfecting agents naturally produced by microorganisms are | back 27 antimicrobials |
front 28 A chemical agent that kills pathogenic microbes in general is a | back 28 germicide |
front 29 Which of the following is NOT a desirable characteristic of an ideal antimicrobial agent? | back 29 It only arrests growth of vegetative cells |
front 30 The endospores of which of the following microbes are used to measure the effectiveness of autoclave sterilization? | back 30 Bacillus stearothermophilus |
front 31 A scientist develops a new medication that is a protein compound and that must be administered by injection. Which of the following would be the most effective and safest means of preparing a sterile solution of the new medication? | back 31 filtration |
front 32 Which of the following procedures is currently the standard test used in the United States for evaluating the efficiency of antiseptics and disinfectants? | back 32 use-dilution test |
front 33 Which of the following would be used to sterilize a mattress? | back 33 ethylene oxide |
front 34 Disinfectants that damage membranes include | back 34 both alcohol and phenolics |
front 35 Which of the following antimicrobial agents is most toxic to humans? | back 35 ethylene oxide |
front 36 The process of filtration is a | back 36 sterilizing method |
front 37 Hydrogen peroxide is a | back 37 disinfecting and sterilizing agent |
front 38 The process of incineration is used for | back 38 sterilization |
front 39 Alcohols are used for | back 39 both antisepsis and disinfection |
front 40 The chemical agents known as "quats" are used for | back 40 disinfection |
front 41 The compound ethylene oxide is used in | back 41 sterilization |
front 42 Gularaldehyde is used for | back 42 both disinfection and sterilization |
front 43 _____ may be achieved using chlorine dioxide. | back 43 Disinfection |
front 44 Gamma irradiation is a process for | back 44 sterilization |
front 45 ______ is the physical removal of microbes. | back 45 Degerming |
front 46 The process of freeze-drying microbes to preserve them is (lyophilization/dessication) | back 46 lyophilization |
front 47 Natural antiseptics such as pine or clove oil are examples of antimicrobial compounds called (alcohols/ phenolics/ detergents). | back 47 phenolics |
front 48 An (iodophor/ halogen) is an iodine-containing organic compound found in such antiseptics as Betadine. | back 48 iodophor |
front 49 Disinfectants known as (alcohols/ oxidizers/ aldehydes) have the chemical group-CHO, which reacts with and damages both proteins and nucleic acids. | back 49 aldehydes |
front 50 The lowest temperature that kills all cells in a broth in 10 minutes is known as the (microbial/ thermal) death point. | back 50 Thermal |
front 51 The amount of time needed to sterilize materials using moist heat is (more/less) than the time needed to sterilize using dry heat. | back 51 less |
front 52 Microbial growth in jellies is inhibited by the ( acidic/ hypotonic/ hypertonic) condition of the food. | back 52 hypertonic |
front 53 The deadliest, most contagious microbes are studied under conditions of (BSL-4/ BSL-3/ BSL-2/ BSL-1) containment. | back 53 BSL-4 |
front 54 Ultraviolet light penetrates (more/less) effectively than gamma rays. | back 54 less |
front 55 The antimicrobial chemical pictured above is a (phenolic/ surfactant/ enzyme) compound found in many consumer products. | back 55 phenolic |
front 56 Elements such as iodine, chlorine, and bromine are examples of (oxidizers/ halogens/ metals), which are the basis for many effective antimicrobial agents. | back 56 halogens |
front 57 Heavy metal and oxidizing agent disinfectants damage (proteins/ DNA/ membranes), interfering with microbial metabolism. | back 57 proteins |
front 58 The (endospore/ cysts/ prions) are the infectious agents most resistant to antimicrobial agents or processes. | back 58 prions |
front 59 The process of heating milk or fruit juice to levels that kill any pathogenic microbes present is known as (pasteurization/ sanitization/ lyophilization). | back 59 pasterurization |
front 60 The effectiveness of sterilization procedures is evaluated using (prions/ cysts/ endospores) because of their resilience. | back 60 endospores |