acute glomerulonephritis

kidney infection
glomeruli are affected

bacterial cystitis

inflammation of the bladder caused by bacterial infection

urinary tract infection (UTI)

chronic glomerulonephritis

glomeruli suffer gradual, progressive destructive changes

loss of kidney function

diabetic nephropathy

kidney disease associated with diabetes

that results in inflammation, degeneration and sclerosis of kidneys

diuresis

abnormal secretion of large amounts of urine

end-stage renal disease (ERSD)

final phase of kidney diease

enuresis

involuntary urination during sleep,

bedwetting

frequency

need to urinate more often than normal

glucosuria, glycosuria

surgar in the urine

hydronephrosis

renal pelvis and calyces distended and dilated and begin to atrophy due to urine outflow obstruction

interstitial cystitis

inflammatory condition of the bladder lining

not caused by infetion or other identified pathology

interstitial nephritis

pathological changes in renal tissue that destroy nephrons and impair kidney function

nephrotic syndrome

massive proteinuria, edema, hyoalbuminemia (low blood albumin), hyperlipidemia (high blood lipids) and high tendency to form blood clots

neurogenic bladder

bladder dysfunction ( rentention, incontinence or altered capacity)

due to disease or injury of the CNS (central nervous system)

phimosis

narrowing or stricture of the foreskin opening of the penis

polycystic kidney disease (PKD)

hereditary, disorder
cysts form in the kidneys and destroy them

pyelonephritis

inflammation and infection caused by bacterial growth in the renal pelvis and kidney

renal calculus

small stone, composed of mineral salts

obstrut portions of kidneys or a ureter
kidney stones

renal colic

spasms of the ureter

renal failure

failure of the kidneys

ineffective of eliminating fluids or wastes from the body

stress incontinence

urine leakage upon physical stress, cough or sneeze

tubular necrosis

renal failure from injury to renal tubules

uremia

u-RE-me-a

increased level of urea or wastes in blood

urgency

UR-jen-se

need to urinate immediately

urinary retention

inability to urinate

urinary tract infection (UTI)

bacterial growth in urinary tract, usually bladder

inflammation and infection

vesicoureteral reflux

ves-i-ko-yu-RET-e-ral

flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureter

Wilms tumor

kidney cancer

most common in children, aka nephroblastoma

cystoscopy

visual examination of the bladder lining