Which question correctly compares prokaryotes and eukaryotes with respect to
genome organization (select one):
A. Prokaryotes have less DNA compared to eukaryotes and more of it is coding
sequence.
B. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have non-coding sequences in their
genomes.
C. The genomes for prokaryotes are usually circular, the genomes for
eukaryotes are usually linear.
D. Intronic regions are mostly associated with eukaryotes.
E. All of the above.

all

Which of the following best describes chromatin (select one)?
A. Circular DNA wrapped tightly around histones.
B. Condensed linear DNA attached to microtubules during mitosis.
C. Linear DNA wound around histones and non-histone proteins.
D. mRNA transcripts passing through ribosomes in the cytoplasm being
translated into protein.
E. DNA that is packaged tightly in the nucleus

linear dna around histone and non histone

You are testing a new drug to determine its effect on chromatin structure. Your
results indicate you have more heterochromatin in the drug treated sample
compared to your control. Considering this result, which of the following is a
possible mechanism of your drug (select one)?
A. It might inhibit a kinase which phosphorylates serine, threonine, or tyrosine on
histones.
B. It might inhibit a phosphatase which dephosphorylates phosphorylated serine,
threonine, or tyrosine.
C. It might inhibit a histone deacetylase (HDA)
D. It might methylate DNA
E. It might demethylate DNA

might inhibit kinase which phosphoroylates

Histone methylation may lead to the silencing of gene expression. Which of the
following is a plausible reason for why? (select all that apply)
A. methylation competes with acetylation
B. methylation competes with phosphorylation
C. methylation reduces the charge on lysine
D. methylation recruits proteins that enhance heterochromatin structure
E. All of the above

competes with acetylation

recruits proteins to enhance heterochromatin

Tyrosine, threonine, and serine can be phosphorylated on their side chains.
Which of the following functional groups are replaced by this modification (select
one)?
A. Sulfhydryl
B. Hydroxyl
C. Phosphoryl
D. Amine
E. Amide

hydroxyl

DNA Replication is ____ (select one)?
A. Conservative and unidirectional
B. Semi-conservative and bi-directional
C. Unidirectional and semiconservative
D. Bidirectional and conservative
E. Catalyzed by RNA Polymerase

semi conservative; bidirectional

What term is given to DNA binding proteins that promote gene expression by
recruiting/helping RNA polymerase to bind promoters

transcription factors

Primase is essential for in vivo DNA replication because

synthesizes RNA component of primers

privides something for DNA polymerase to add bases to

what is true about helicase

triggired when origin fires

creates seperate DNA strands in replication

How does “the cell” solve the problem of replicating the 3’ to 5’ DNA strand

lagging strand is replicated in short incriments and later joined

Which of the following is true about telomerase (select all)?
A. It is a ribonucleoprotein (a protein that has an RNA and DNA component)
B. It adds telomeric repeat sequences to the 3’ end of DNA strand that served
as the template in the last round of replication.
C. It is most functional in somatic (body) cells, and less functional in stem cells.
D. It contributes to cellular life span and helps regulate cellular senescence
(when cells stop growing).
E. It has a circular shape, which prevents the ends of chromosomes from being
ligated together.

ribonucleoprotein, adds telomeric repeat on 3', contributes to cellular life span

where do histone mods occur

N terminal on histone tails

Which term describes the region of a plasmid where many restriction sites are found

multiple clone

How can eukaryotic genes be cloned for expression in a prokaryote

enzyme convert mRNA to cDNA