gene

contains the genetic information

allele

two or more different forms of a gene that code for different variations of the same trait

gene locus

the specific location of a gene on a chromosome

chromosome

a DNA molecule with proteins

true breeding

offspring of their crosses are all like the parents in one or more traits

homozygous

same identical alleles

heterozygous

different alleles

dominant allele

masks the presence of the homozygous allele

recessive allele

only expressed when in homozygous state

incomplete dominance

two alleles that when heterozygous create an blended phenotype

codominance

two alleles neither of which dominates the other, heterozygous exhibits both forms of the trait

multiple traits

a gene that has more than two different alleles for a trait within a population

genotype

description of an allele

phenotype

observable traits of an individual

probabilty

likelihood of an event

hybrid

a heterozygote for a specific trait

monohybrid cross

a cross between individuals that are heterozygous for a single trait

dihybrid cross

a cross between individuals that are heterozygous for two traits

testcross

a cross between an individual with a dominant phenotype but unknown genotype against a homozygous recessive

law of segraegation

individualinherits pairs of genes for traits and that the two genes segregate into separate gametes during meiosis