What distinguishes the findings of Dalton from the findings of Democritus?

Dalton proved experimentally that atoms exist whereas Democritus believed in them.

List the seven SI base units.

length - meters (m)

time - second (s)

amount of substance - mole (mol)

electric current - ampere (A)

temperature - kelvin (K)

Luminous intensity - candela (cd)

Mass - kilogram (kg)

Name a unit of measure that is smaller than a gram.

?

How many meters are in a millimeter?

0.001 m = 1 mm

In which phase are the molecules of a sample held rigidly together?

The solid phase is the phase in which molecules are held rigidly together.

The graph represents the heating of water in a pot. At 150 seconds, the water has just reached a boil. If the heat is left on, what will happen to the temperature and volume of water in the pot? (All temperatures in °C.)

The temp will remain constant and the volume of the water will go down over time.

What happens to the volume of a balloon if you put a balloon inside of a vacuum chamber and decrease the pressure around the balloon?

If the pressure around the balloon decreases then the volume of the balloon will increase.

According to Boyle's Law, pressure and volume are inversely proportional. What does this mean will happen to volume as pressure goes up?

According to Boyle's law, as pressure goes up, volume goes down.

What is the relationship between the temperature of a gas and the kinetic energy of the particles of the gas?

The higher the temperature of the gas, the higher the kinetic energy of the molecules of that gas.

What are the basic assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory?

• gases are comprised of large numbers of particles
• the volume of gas particles in a sample are extremely small
• attractive and repulsive forces between gas molecules are negligible
• energy can be transferred between molecules during collisions
• the average kinetic energy of the molecules is proportional to the temp of the sample
• gases that conform to these assumptions are called ideal gases

How many protons and electrons does an aluminum ion have?

protons: 13

electrons: 10

Describe the types of atoms that form a:

a. Covalent bond b. Ionic bond c. Metallic bond

a. covalent: two non metals

b. ionic: metal and non metal

c. metallic: two metals

What family of the periodic table to each of the following belong to?

a. K b. Cr c. F d. Kr

a. alkai metal

b. transition metal

c. halogen

d. noble gas

Name the charges that the following atoms will form an ion.

a. Na b. Ca c. Al d. P e. S f. Cl

a. Na+

b. Ca2+

c. Al3+

d. P3-

e. S2-

f. Cl-

What is the formula for the ionic compound formed by calcium ions and chlorate ions?

Ca(Cl3)2

What is the formula for the ionic compound formed by strontium and bromine?

Sr Br2

What is the correct name for NH4 PO4 ?

ammonium phosphate