Step 1

Phosphorylation of glucose

Step 1: Phosphorylation of glucose

Enzyme:

Hexokinase

Step 1: Phosphorylation of glucose

Delta G:

-16.7 kJ/mol

Step 2

Isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate

Step 2: Isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate

Enzyme:

Phosphohexose isomerase

Step 2: Isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate

Delta G:

1.7 kJ/mol

Step 3

Phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate

Step 3: Phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate

Enzyme:

Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)

Step 3: Phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate

Delta G:

-14.2 kJ/mol

Step 4

Cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Step 4: Cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Enzyme:

Aldolase

Step 4: Cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Delta G:

23.8 kJ/mol

Step 5

Isomerization of triose phosphate

Step 5: Isomerization of triose phosphate

Enzyme:

Triose phosphate isomerase

Step 5: Isomerization of triose phosphate

Delta G:

7.5 kJ/mol

Step 6

Oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Step 6: Oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Enzyme:

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Step 6: Oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Delta G:

6.3 kJ/mol

Step 7

Substrate level phosphorylation of ADP

Step 7: Substrate level phosphorylation of ADP

Enzyme:

Phosphoglycerate kinase

Step 7: Substrate level phosphorylation of ADP

Delta G:

-18.5 kJ/mol

Step 8

Conversion of 3-P-glycerate to 2-P-glycerate

Step 8: Conversion of 3-P-glycerate to 2-P-glycerate

Enzyme:

Phosphoglycerate mutase

Step 8: Conversion of 3-P-glycerate to 2-P-glycerate

Delta G:

4.4 kJ/mol

Step 9

Dehydration of 2-P-glycerate to PEP

Step 9: Dehydration of 2-P-glycerate to PEP

Enzyme:

Enolase

Step 9: Dehydration of 2-P-glycerate to PEP

Delta G:

7.5 kJ/mol

Step 10`

Phosphate group transfer from PEP to ADP

Step 10: Phosphate group transfer from PEP to ADP

Enzyme:

Pyruvate kinase

Step 10: Phosphate group transfer from PEP to ADP

Delta G:

-31.4 kJ/mol