Autotrophs

Makes food from inorganic carbon sources (CO2) and energy from the environment.

Heterotrophs

Organism obtains carbon and energy from organic compounds assembled by other organisms.

Cells use acquired energy to:

1. Maintain organization
2. Carry out reactions that allow the cell to develop, grow, and reproduce

Plants use photosynthesis to:

Capture sunlight

Herbivores eat plants to:

Obtain energy

Decomposers...

Digest plant and animal matter

Kinetic energy is:

Energy of motion

Potential energy is:

Stored energy

Consuming food gives potential energy which:

Can be turned into Kinetic energy.

Potential energy in food is:

Chemical energy

Organisms convert chemical energy into:

Mechanical energy, which is also a form of Kinetic energy.

Energy does not...WHAT?!

Cycle!!!

First Law of Thermodynamics

1. Energy is not created or destroyed
2. Energy dissipates into heat
3. Heat is the random movement of particles

Second Law of Thermodynamics

1. Energy changing into another can lose usable energy
2. Loss of usable energy makes universe more disordered=Increased Entropy
3. Entropy(disorder) = takes form of heat
4. 25% energy= used for motion
   75% energy= lost as heat

Disorder Vs Order

Glucose - more organized, more potential energy, less Entropy(Disorder)
Carbon Dioxide and Water - less organized, less potential energy, more Entropy(Disorder)

Free energy

Energy available to break or form new bonds

Exergonic reactions

release energy

Endergonic reactions
(Enderdragon!!!!)

require energy
(Energy from the middle of the End)

Bonds...

• Holds potential energy
• Release kinetic energy
• New bonds hold potential energy

Molecules release energy when combined with oxygen...

but not spontaneous!!!

Activation energy

Minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction.