Autotrophs
Makes food from inorganic carbon sources (CO2) and energy from the environment.
Heterotrophs
Organism obtains carbon and energy from organic compounds assembled by other organisms.
Cells use acquired energy to:
- Maintain organization
- Carry out reactions that allow the cell to develop, grow, and reproduce
Plants use photosynthesis to:
Capture sunlight
Herbivores eat plants to:
Obtain energy
Decomposers...
Digest plant and animal matter
Kinetic energy is:
Energy of motion
Potential energy is:
Stored energy
Consuming food gives potential energy which:
Can be turned into Kinetic energy.
Potential energy in food is:
Chemical energy
Organisms convert chemical energy into:
Mechanical energy, which is also a form of Kinetic energy.
Energy does not...WHAT?!
Cycle!!!
First Law of Thermodynamics
- Energy is not created or destroyed
- Energy dissipates into heat
- Heat is the random movement of particles
Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Energy changing into another can lose usable energy
- Loss of usable energy makes universe more disordered=Increased Entropy
- Entropy(disorder) = takes form of heat
- 25%
energy= used for motion
75% energy= lost as heat
Disorder Vs Order
Glucose - more organized, more potential energy, less
Entropy(Disorder)
Carbon Dioxide and Water - less organized, less
potential energy, more Entropy(Disorder)
Free energy
Energy available to break or form new bonds
Exergonic reactions
release energy
Endergonic reactions
(Enderdragon!!!!)
require energy
(Energy from the middle of the End)
Bonds...
- Holds potential energy
- Release kinetic energy
- New bonds hold potential energy
Molecules release energy when combined with oxygen...
but not spontaneous!!!
Activation energy
Minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction.