Bull Market

Market that trends upward

Bear Market

market that trends downwards

Stock

owning a small portion of a company

Primary Market

initial place where a new stock is traded (IPO)

Secondary Market

where stocks and investments are traded daily

Bond Market

The market of buying and selling bonds

Housing Market

The buying and selling place of real estate

Forex Market

marketplace to buy and sell foreign currency

Crypto Market

Digital currency on the blockchain

Growth Stock

stock invested in for increasing value

Defensive Stock

stock that is low risk to drop

Dividend

a percentage of money you get back typically quarterly

P/E Ratio

price to earnings ratio; stock valuation method; market share price divided by earnings per share

EPS

Earnings per share; how much a company makes for each share of its stock

Market Cap

the total value of a company

Limit

set price that your stock should be sold when

Liquidity

how easy something is to be turned into cash

ROI

Return on Investment. How much money you made from your initial investment

NYSE

The most popular marketplace for trading stocks

Over-the-Counter Market

stock exchange but less regulated

NASDAQ

stock exchange, the most active stock exchange in the world

Investor Lifecycle

the types of investments someone should make depending on their life stage (age, risk tolerance, health)

Mutual Fund

basket of investments run by a person

Bond Yield

the change in price of a bond

Maturity Date

The date your bond will be sent back to you

Face Value

The value the bond holder will receive at maturity date

Fixed income

income that comes in at a consistent rate

Municipal Bond

a type of debt security issued by local, county, and state governments

Benchmark

the comparison of your stock to the S&P 500

Money Market Fund

a mutual fund that invests in low-risk, short-term debt instruments such as U.S. Treasuries, commercial paper, and certificates of deposit

coupon rate

rate of interest paid back on bond

Bond

a loan from an investor to a borrower such as a company or government

Liabilities

things that cause you to lose money

Expense Ratio

extra money you have to put in on an investment

Net Asset Value

the company's total assets minus its total liabilities.

Tertiary Market

where you trade small companies like penny stocks

Mortgage

an agreement between a lender and a borrower that gives the lender a right to take away your purchase if you don't pay it off. Also charge interest

Down Payment

the percentage you pay on your house initially to buy the property

Fixed Rate Mortgage

mortgage rate that lasts the entirety of the loan until refinanced

Adjustable rate mortgage

Lower initial mortgage rate then after 5 years it adjusts to the current rate

Credit Score

a measurement of how reliable you are at paying off your loans

Realtor fees

5-6% commission on house (typically split by buyer and seller)

Closing costs

fees paid to the lender to transfer the title or ownsership

Home equity

portion of the home you actually own as you pay your monthly mortgage, you build equity

REIT

a publically traded company that owns, operates and finances income properties

Collateral

getting a loan and invest that money. (risky)

HELOC

essentially a credit card using your house

cryptocurrency

digital currency in which transactions are verified and records maintained by a decentralized system using cryptography(secure code), rather than by a centralized authority

Blockchain

a shared, immutable ledger that facilitates the process of recording transactions and tracling assets in a business network

Crypto Mining

to validate the info contained in blocks, essentially miners are getting paid for their works as auditors

fiat currency

value is not backed by anything