dynamic continuity

membranes of eukaryotic cells

Symbiosis

close association between two species

endosymbiosis

one partner lives within the other

Eukaryotic cells features

limited in the ways they use & transfer carbon + energy, and the dynamic skeleton that allows movement

Eukaryotes way of obtaining nutrients

engulfing food particles & packaging them inside vesicles to later transport to cytoplasm to mitochondria, and single-celled eukaryotes are able to feed on bacteria or other eukaryotic cells.

chloroplasts originated

from endosymbiosis, chloroplasts are a product of cyanobacterium and engulf the cell.

mitochondria originated

from genetic similarities between proteobacteria DNA sequence and mitochondria DNA sequence

Archaea relation to eukaryotes

Archaea (from prokaryotic group) is closely related to eukaryotes compared to bacteria

1st hypothesis of origin of eukaryotic cells

primitive eukaryote descended (evolved) from archaeal ancestors

2nd hypothesis

archaeon engulfed a bacterium (symbiotic association between archaeon and proteobacterium)