dynamic continuity
membranes of eukaryotic cells
Symbiosis
close association between two species
endosymbiosis
one partner lives within the other
Eukaryotic cells features
limited in the ways they use & transfer carbon + energy, and the dynamic skeleton that allows movement
Eukaryotes way of obtaining nutrients
engulfing food particles & packaging them inside vesicles to later transport to cytoplasm to mitochondria, and single-celled eukaryotes are able to feed on bacteria or other eukaryotic cells.
chloroplasts originated
from endosymbiosis, chloroplasts are a product of cyanobacterium and engulf the cell.
mitochondria originated
from genetic similarities between proteobacteria DNA sequence and mitochondria DNA sequence
Archaea relation to eukaryotes
Archaea (from prokaryotic group) is closely related to eukaryotes compared to bacteria
1st hypothesis of origin of eukaryotic cells
primitive eukaryote descended (evolved) from archaeal ancestors
2nd hypothesis
archaeon engulfed a bacterium (symbiotic association between archaeon and proteobacterium)