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44 notecards = 11 pages (4 cards per page)

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ch 14 post lecture

front 1

A healthcare-associated infection (traditionally known as a nosocomial infection) is

back 1

acquired during the course of hospitalization.

front 2

Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor of disease?

back 2

genetic background

occupation

lifestyle

climate

All of these are predisposing factors of disease.

front 3

Which of the following is NOT a communicable disease?

back 3

tetanus

front 4

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

back 4

At least one member must benefit in a symbiotic relationship.

front 5

Reservoirs of infections are always inanimate objects.

back 5

False

front 6

back 6

no data

front 7

Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?

back 7

epidemic: a disease that is constantly present across the world

front 8

Testing the effectiveness of a new drug for anthrax would be best performed as an experimental study.

back 8

True

front 9

If a prodromal period exists for a certain disease, it should occur prior to

back 9

illness

front 10

Pseudomonas bacteria colonized the bile duct of a patient following his liver transplant surgery. This is an example of a

back 10

nosocomial infection.

front 11

Transient microbiota differ from normal microbiota in that transient microbiota

back 11

are present for a relatively short time.

front 12

The rise in herd immunity amongst a population can be directly attributed to

back 12

vaccinations

front 13

A commensal bacterium

back 13

may also be an opportunistic pathogen.

front 14

During a six-month period, 239 cases of pneumonia occurred in a town of 300 people. A clinical case was defined as fever ≥ 39°C lasting >2 days with three or more symptoms (i.e., chills, sweats, severe headache, cough, aching muscles/joints, fatigue, or feeling ill). A laboratory-confirmed case was defined as a positive result for antibodies against Coxiella burnetii. Before the outbreak, 2000 sheep were kept northwest of the town. Of the 20 sheep tested from the flock, 15 were positive for C. burnetii antibodies. Wind blew from the northwest, and rainfall was 0.5 cm compared with 7 to 10 cm during each of the previous three years.

back 14

vehicle

front 15

Which of the following is classified as a latent disease?

back 15

shingles

front 16

back 16

no data

front 17

Symptoms of disease differ from signs of disease in that symptoms

back 17

are changes felt by the patient.

front 18

back 18

no data

front 19

Which of the following would be an example of disease transmission via indirect contact?

back 19

A student sneezes on her test booklet. The instructor grades it and catches her cold.

front 20

One effect of washing regularly with antibacterial agents is the removal of normal microbiota. This can result in

back 20

increased susceptibility to disease.Submit

front 21

Emergence of infectious diseases can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT

back 21

The emergence of infectious diseases can be attributed to all of these.Submit

front 22

In which of the following diseases can gender be considered a viable predisposing factor?

back 22

urinary tract infectionsSubmit

front 23

Which of the following is NOT an example of microbial antagonism?

back 23

bacteria causing diseaseSubmit

front 24

During a six-month period, 239 cases of pneumonia occurred in a town of 300 people. A clinical case was defined as fever ≥ 39°C lasting >2 days with three or more symptoms (i.e., chills, sweats, severe headache, cough, aching muscles/joints, fatigue, or feeling ill). A laboratory-confirmed case was defined as a positive result for antibodies against Coxiella burnetii. Before the outbreak, 2000 sheep were kept northwest of the town. Of the 20 sheep tested from the flock, 15 were positive for C. burnetii antibodies. Wind blew from the northwest, and rainfall was 0.5 cm compared with 7 to 10 cm during each of the previous three years.

back 24

Coxiella burnetii.

front 25

A disease in which the causative agent remains inactive for a time before producing symptoms is referred to as

back 25

latent

front 26

back 26

no data

front 27

back 27

no data

front 28

Koch observed Bacillus anthracis multiplying in the blood of cattle. What is the condition specifically called when bacteria are multiplying in the blood?

back 28

septicemia

front 29

Which of the following is a fomite?

back 29

a hypodermic needle

front 30

Which one of the following does NOT contribute to the incidence of healthcare-associated infections?

back 30

gram-negative cell wallsSubmit

front 31

A needlestick is an example of

back 31

indirect contact transmission by fomite.

front 32

The major significance of Robert Koch's work is that

back 32

microorganisms cause disease.

front 33

Which of the following statements about biological transmission is FALSE?

back 33

Houseflies are an important vector.

front 34

Both normal and transient flora can become opportunistic pathogens.

back 34

True

front 35

Biological transmission differs from mechanical transmission in that biological transmission

back 35

involves reproduction of a pathogen in an arthropod vector prior to transmission.

front 36

back 36

no data

front 37

Focal infections initially start out as

back 37

local infections.

front 38

Which of the following diseases is NOT spread by droplet infection?

back 38

botulism

front 39

The science that deals with when diseases occur and how they are transmitted is called

back 39

epidemiology

front 40

In which of the following patterns of disease does the patient experience no signs or symptoms?

back 40

both incubation and convalescenceSubmit

front 41

Which of the following is an example of the symbiotic relationship known as mutualism?

back 41

E. coli within the large intestine

front 42

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

back 42

malaria – foodborne transmission

front 43

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by infection with a protozoan. In certain tropical regions, malaria is constantly present. We would say that malaria is a(n) __________ disease in these regions.

back 43

endemic

front 44

For a particular disease at a specific time period, morbidity rates should always be equal or greater than mortality rates.

back 44

True