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Microbiology

front 1

Table 10.3

Use the information given in Table 10.3 to answer the following questions. Which organisms are most closely related? On what did you base your answer? DNA from which organisms will probably hybridize?

back 1

Gram negative bacteria consist of rod shaped bacterium such as E. coli and bacillus. On the other hand Coccus shaped bacteria expressed to be both gram + and -. The rod shaped bacteria are motile because they have flagella while to coccus bacteria does not. To conclude organism A and E are most likely to hybridize.

front 2

Nucleic acid hybridization is based on the fact that

back 2

pairing between complementary bases occurs.

front 3

Chloroplasts possess circular DNA and reproduce by binary fission.

back 3

True

front 4

Which of the following provides taxonomic information that includes the information obtained in the others listed?

back 4

cladogram

front 5

The arrangement of organisms into taxa

back 5

shows degrees of relatedness between organisms.

front 6

Serological testing is used for screening bacterial isolates for similarities.

back 6

True

front 7

Figure 10.1

In Figure 10.1, the closest ancestor for both species "a." and species "b." would be which of the following?

back 7

5

front 8

Into which group would you place a multicellular organism that has a mouth and lives inside the human liver?

back 8

Animalia

front 9

Phage typing is based on the fact that

back 9

bacterial viruses attack only members of a specific species.

front 10

Into which group would you place a photosynthetic organism that lacks a nucleus and has a thin peptidoglycan wall surrounded by an outer membrane?

back 10

Proteobacteria (gram-negative bacteria)

front 11

Figure 10.3

This figure shows the results of a gel electrophoresis separation of restriction fragments of the DNA of different organisms.

In Figure 10.3, which two are most closely related?

back 11

1 and 3

front 12

The phylogenetic classification of bacteria is based on

back 12

RNA sequences.

front 13

Which of the following criteria is most useful in determining whether two organisms are related?

back 13

Both are gram-positive.

front 14

Figure 10.1

In Figure 10.1, species "c." is most closely related to which of the following?

back 14

D

front 15

Which of the following is NOT based on nucleic-acid hybridization?

back 15

Western blotting

front 16

Which of the following statements about archaea is FALSE?

back 16

They evolved before bacteria.

front 17

Table 10.2

Use the dichotomous key in Table 10.2 to identify a gram-negative cell that ferments lactose and uses citric acid as its sole carbon source.

back 17

Citrobacter

front 18

Figure 10.4

In the cladogram shown in Figure 10.4, which two organisms are most closely related?

back 18

Micrococcus and Mycobacterium

front 19

Protists are a diverse group of organisms that are similar in

back 19

rRNA sequences.

front 20

A genus can best be defined as

back 20

a taxon composed of one or more species and a classification level lying below family.

front 21

A biochemical test, in the microbiology world, is used to determine

back 21

capability of a microbe to perform a specific enzymatic activity.

front 22

When building a cladogram, the length of the horizontal branch is based on the calculated percent similarity between organisms.

back 22

True

front 23

Which of the following statements about members of the Kingdom Plantae is FALSE?

back 23

They use organic carbon sources.

front 24

The cell membranes of all three domains are composed of straight carbon chains attached to
glycerol by ester linkage.

back 24

False

front 25

What is the outstanding characteristic of the Kingdom Fungi?

back 25

Members absorb dissolved organic matter.