front 1 The lower respiratory tract is protected by all of the following EXCEPT | back 1 competition with the normal flora of the lungs |
front 2 which of the following is mismatched | back 2 epiglottitis - sore throat |
front 3 members of the group A streptococci cause all of the following except | back 3 epiglottitis |
front 4 Which of the following statements about mycoplasmal pneumonia is TRUE? | back 4 treatment is tetracycline |
front 5 which of the following is not a typical symptom of influenza | back 5 diarrhea |
front 6 which of the following is mismatched | back 6 mycoplasma - gram positive pleomorphic rod |
front 7 which of the following microorganisms causes symptoms most like tuberculosis | back 7 histoplasma |
front 8 all of the following can lead to positive tuberculin skin test except | back 8 being near someone with tuberculosis |
front 9 Which of the following diseases is not correctly matched to its vaccine | back 9 tuberculosis - toxoid |
front 10 which of the following diseases has a cutaneous form, especially in individuals over 30 years of age? | back 10 diphteria |
front 11 which of the following requires treatment with both antibiotics and antitoxins | back 11 diptheria |
front 12 which of the following is mismatched | back 12 Q fever - rickettsia |
front 13 which of the following does not cause otitis media | back 13 coxiella burnetii |
front 14 which of the following causes opportunistic infections in AIDS patients | back 14 Pneumocystis, aspergillus, rhizopus, mucor |
front 15 all of the following are true of the common cold except | back 15 early treatment will drastically reduce the disease symptoms |
front 16 which of the following causes a disease characterized by the catarrhal, paroxysmal. and convalescent stages | back 16 bordetella pertussis |
front 17 which of the following is an irregular, gram positive rod | back 17 corynebacterium diphtheriae |
front 18 infection by which of the following results in the formation of ghon complexes | back 18 mycobacterium tuberculosis |
front 19 which one of the following produces the most potent exotoxin | back 19 corynebacterium diphtheriae |
front 20 the most effective means of preventing influenza is | back 20 annual vaccination |
front 21 which of the following is an opportunistic pathogen | back 21 pneumocystis |
front 22 which of the following etiologic agents results in the formation of abscesses | back 22 blastomyces |
front 23 the primary victims of the influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 were | back 23 young adults |
front 24 all of the following are used as first line drugs for treating tuberculosis except | back 24 fluoroquinolones |
front 25 infection by which of the following is often confused with viral pneumonia | back 25 mycoplasma |
front 26 the patient is suffocating because of the accumulation of dead tissue and fibrin in her throat. what is the etiology of the symptoms | back 26 corynebacterium |
front 27 the patient is suffocating because of inflamed epiglottis. what is the etiology of the symptoms | back 27 haemophilus |
front 28 the patient has sore throat. What is the etiology of the symptoms | back 28 answer cannot be determined |
front 29 the patient is suffocating because of the accumulation of dead tissue and fibrin in her throat. what is the etiology of the symptoms | back 29 cornebacterium |
front 30 which of the following is mismatched | back 30 mycobacterium - whooping cough |
front 31 all of the following are classified as fungi except | back 31 mycobacterium |
front 32 microscopic examination of a lung biopsy shows thick-walled cysts. what is the etiology of the symptoms | back 32 pneumocystis |
front 33 a patient has a paroxysmal cough and mucus accumulation. what is the etiology of the symptoms | back 33 bordetella |
front 34 a patient who presents with red throat and tonsils can be diagnose as having | back 34 answer cannot be determined |
front 35 a patient has fever, difficulty breathing, chest pains fluid in the alveoli, and a positive tuberculin skin test. gram positive cocci are isolated from the sputum. the patient most likely has | back 35 pneumococcal pneumonia |
front 36 which of the following is responsible for epidemics of respiratory disease in infants | back 36 respiratory syncytial virus |
front 37 which of the following produces small "fried-egg" colonies on medium containing horse serum and yeast extract | back 37 mycoplasma |
front 38 it is common for a normal, healthy individual to carry potentially pathogenic organisms in the upper respiratory tract | back 38 truth |
front 39 most cases of sinusitis and otitis media will not resolve unless they are treated with antibiotics | back 39 false |
front 40 the symptoms of diphtheria are due to an exotoxin that blocks proteins synthesis in host cells | back 40 true |
front 41 the most common causative agent of bacterial pneumonia is streptococcus pneumoniae | back 41 true |
front 42 a positive tuberculosis skin test indicates that the patient has active tuberculosis | back 42 false |
front 43 vaccination with the influenza vaccine confers lifelong immunity to influenza virus | back 43 false |
front 44 mycoplasma pneumoniae causes atypical pneumonia, also known as "walking pneumonia" | back 44 true |
front 45 epiglottitis | back 45 pathogen: haemophilus influenzae symptoms: inflammation of the epiglottis treatment: antibiotics; Hib vaccines |
front 46 streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat) | back 46 pathogen: streptococcus pyogenes caused by group A streptococcus produces special enzymes streptokinases and streptolysins Enzyme immunoassay test done to detect it symptoms: inflamed mucus membrane treatment: penicillin |
front 47 scarlet fever | back 47 pathogen: erythrogenic toxin-producing strains of steptococcus pyogenes symptoms: reddening of skin and tongue and peeling of affected skin treatment: penicillin |
front 48 diphtheria | back 48 pathogen: corynebacterium diphtheriae symptoms: grayish membrane forms in throat. begins with sore throat and fever, followed by malaise and swelling of the neck treatment: penicillin and DTaP vaccine |
front 49 otitis media | back 49 pathogen: S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus symptoms: pus in middle ear treatment: broad spectrum antibiotics affects 85% of children before 3 |
front 50 pneumococcal pneumonia | back 50 pathogen: S. pneumoniae symptoms: alveoli filled with fluid treatment: fluoroquinolones, pneumococcal vaccine |
front 51 mycoplasmal pneumonia (walking pneumonia) | back 51 pathogen: mycoplasma pneumoniae symptoms: mild but persistent respiratory symptoms, lower fever, cough, headache "fried egg" appearance treatment: tetracycline |
front 52 pertussis (whooping cough) | back 52 pathogen: Bordetella pertussis, obligate aerobe, gram negative coccobacillus. symptoms: spasms of intense coughing to clear mucus.Produces tracheal cytotoxin, pertussis toxin treatment: erythromycin, DTaP vaccine |
front 53 tuberculosis | back 53 pathogen: mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis, M.avium-intracellulare. classified as acid-fast symptoms: cough, blood in mucus Diagnosis: hardening and reddening of the injection site. treatment: anti-mycobacterial drugs, pasteurizing milk; BCG vaccine |
front 54 histoplasmosis | back 54 pathogen: histoplasma capsulatum symptoms: resembles TB treatment: amphotericin B |
front 55 Pneumocystis pneumonia | back 55 pathogen: Pneumocystis jirovecii symptoms: pneumonia treatment: trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, pentamidine |
front 56 the influenza virus | back 56 two projections Hemagglutinin spikes: agglutination of RBCs neuraminidase spikes: stimulate formation of antibodies |
front 57 drugs for TB | back 57 First line drugs: isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and rifampin Second line drugs: aminoglucosides, fluoroquinolones |
front 58 antigenic drift/ antigenic shift | back 58 antigenic drift: accumulation of mutations antigenic shift: marks changes great enough to evade most of the immunity developed |
front 59 catarrhal stage | back 59 resembles common cold |
front 60 paroxysmal stage | back 60 prolonged sieges of coughing. violent cough may result in broken ribs |
front 61 convalescence stage | back 61 may last for months. irreversible damage to the brain occurs. |