front 1 all of the following are true regarding African trypanosomiasis except | back 1 all subspecies of Trypanosoma brucei have multiple hosts |
front 2 bacterial encephalitis and meningitis are difficult to treat because | back 2 many antibiotics cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier |
front 3 all of the following organisms cause meningitis except | back 3 Mycobacterium leprae |
front 4 which of the following statements about neisseria meningitis is false | back 4 it is a gram positive anaerobe |
front 5 which of the following pairs is mismatched | back 5 cryptococcus neoformans - acid fast rod |
front 6 all of the following organisms are correctly matched to the recommended treatment except | back 6 poliovirus - amphotericin B |
front 7 which of the following statements about leprosy is false | back 7 patients with leprosy must be isolated |
front 8 all of the following organisms are transmitted via the respiratory route except | back 8 listeria monocytogenes |
front 9 the symptoms of tetanus are due to | back 9 tetanospasmin |
front 10 a 30 year old woman was hospitalized after she experienced convulsions. On examination, she was alert and oriented and complained of a fever, headache, and stiff neck. Any of the following organisms could be responsible for her symptoms except | back 10 clostridium botulinum |
front 11 The most effective control of mosquito-borne disease is | back 11 elimination of the mosquito population |
front 12 Initial treatment of tetanus is an unimmunized person with a puncture wound is | back 12 tetanus immune globulin |
front 13 Initial treatment for tetanus in a fully immunized person with a puncture wound is | back 13 tetanus toxoid |
front 14 the most common route of central nervous system invasion of pathogens is through | back 14 the circulatory system |
front 15 the prodromal (pre-acute disease stage) symptoms of bacterial meningitis is/are | back 15 mild cold symptoms |
front 16 a pathologist detects Negri bodies while examining a brain section taken at autopsy. what was the cause of death | back 16 rabies |
front 17 encephalitis is more common in the summer months because | back 17 mosquito populations increase |
front 18 a 30 year old woman was hospitalized after she experienced convulsions. On examination, she was alerted and oriented and complained of a fever, headache, and stiff neck. Which of the following is most likely to provide rapid identification of the cause of her symptoms | back 18 gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid |
front 19 Each of the following is caused by prions except | back 19 rabies |
front 20 Arboviruses cause____ and are transmitted by ____ | back 20 encephalitis; mosquito |
front 21 Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis is commonly acquired by | back 21 swimming in warm ponds or streams |
front 22 which of the following is treated with antibiotics | back 22 streptococcal pneumonia |
front 23 which of the following is/are a free-living amoeba that can cause encephalitis | back 23 naegleria and acanthamoeba |
front 24 microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid reveals gram positive rods. What is the organism | back 24 listeria |
front 25 On June 30, a 47 year old man was hospitalized with dizziness, blurred vision, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, and nausea. Examination revealed facial paralysis. He reported eating home-caned green beans and stew containing roast beef and potatoes 24 hours before onset of symptoms. The patient should be treated with | back 25 supportive care, including respiratory assistance |
front 26 vaccination is available for all of the following except | back 26 botulism |
front 27 a one year old boy was listless, irritable, and sleepy. Capsulated gram negative rods were cultured from his cerebrospinal fluid. His symptoms were caused by | back 27 haemophilus influenzae |
front 28 which of the following pairs is mismatched | back 28 botulism - stimulates transmission of nerve impulses |
front 29 all of the following microorganisms can directly cause meningitis except | back 29 mosquitoes |
front 30 which of the following vaccines can cause the disease it is designed to prevent | back 30 oral polio vaccine |
front 31 all of the following are true of poliomyelitis except | back 31 most cases result in muscle paralysis |
front 32 CSF contains high levels of complement and circulating antibodies to prevent infection of the brain and spinal cord | back 32 false |
front 33 viral meningitis is much more common than bacterial meningitis and tends to cause a milder form of disease | back 33 true |
front 34 lifelong immunity is conferred once an individual has had botulism and recovered | back 34 false |
front 35 if a normal protein typically found on the surface of nervous tissue cells comes into contact with an abnormally folded protein, it can lead to prion-related disease | back 35 true |
front 36 autopsy of a stillborn fetus reveals the cause of death to be meningitis. Cultures show the presence of a gram positive rod. The likely pathogen is haemophilus influenza | back 36 false |
front 37 botulism and tetanus are caused by bacterial endospores commonly found in the soil | back 37 true |
front 38 there is an antitoxin for botulism. Why, then, is the outcome of botulism often fatal? | back 38 Botulism has a very low mortality rate, deaths are usually because they don't administer the antitoxin because they don't recognize that it's botulism. |
front 39 advantages and disadvantages of the salk and sabin vaccines | back 39 salk vaccines contains all three types of viruses that is inactivated. IT require a series of injections sabin vaccines is less expensive to manufacture and does not require a professional to administer. the attenuated strains of the disease reverts to virulence and cause the disease. |
front 40 transmission and etiology of meningococcal meningitis | back 40 transmission is by droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions. Caused by neisseria meningitidis |
front 41 viral meningitis | back 41 clear CSF no protein normal glucose few WBCs |
front 42 bacterial meningitis | back 42 cloudy CSF protein low glucose high WBCs caused by haemophilus influenzae |
front 43 haemophilus influenzae | back 43 aerobic gram negative bacterium occurs mostly in children under 4, as young as 6 months HIB vaccine |
front 44 Neisseria meningitis | back 44 neisseria meningitidis, aerobic, gram negative transmission is by gram droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions occurs in children under 2 |
front 45 streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis | back 45 gram positive, encapsulated diplococcus S. pneumoiae |
front 46 listeriosis | back 46 caused by Listeria monocytogenes. gram positive rod causes stillbirth and neurological disease foodbborne disease |
front 47 tetanus | back 47 caused by Clostridium tetani symptoms are caused by tetanospasmin opithotonos - head and heels bow backwards |
front 48 botulism | back 48 caused by Clostridium botulinum treatment is antitoxin symptoms include flaccid paralysis transmitted by foodborne intoxication |
front 49 leprosy | back 49 caused by Mycobacterium leprae symptoms include loss of sensation in skin treated with dapsone, rifampin, cloxamine |
front 50 rabies | back 50 caused by lyssavirus fatal infection animal bite vaccine |
front 51 African trypanosomiasis | back 51 trypanosomiasis brucei fatal infection tsetse fly treated with suramin and petamidine |
front 52 creutzfeldt-jakob disease | back 52 prion fatal infection inherited |
front 53 kuru | back 53 prion contact or ingestion |