front 1 Based on the ABC model, what would be the structure of a flower that had normal expression of genes A and C and expression of gene B in all four whorls? | back 1 stamen-stamen-petal-petal |
front 2 If you were able to walk into an opening cut into the center of a large redwood tree, when you exit from the middle of the trunk (stem) outward, you would cross, in order... | back 2 the annual rings, phloem, and bark |
front 3 A plan has the following characteristics: a taproot system; several growth rings evident in a cross section of the stem, and a layer of bark around the outside. Which of the following best describes the plant? | back 3 woody eudicot |
front 4 A vessel element would likely lose its protoplast in which section of a root? | back 4 zone of maturation |
front 5 All of the following are plant adaptations to life on land except | back 5 the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis |
front 6 What tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree? | back 6 secondary xylem |
front 7 Which of the following illustrates the idea that the fate of a cell is a direct result of its position? | back 7 some root epidermal cells form hairs but others do not, some shoot epidermal cells form stomata but others do not, and floating leaves of cambomba have a different shape than submergded leaves |
front 8 In a root, a vessel element completes its development in which area of growth? | back 8 zone of differentiation |
front 9 The best word to describe the growth of plants in general is | back 9 indeterminate |
front 10 The type of mature cell that a particular embryonic plant cell will become appears to be determined mainly by | back 10 the cell's final position in a developing organ |
front 11 Which of the following are true statements about the cells shown in the photograph in Figure 35.1 above? | back 11 they are both parenchyma cells and photosynthetic |
front 12 How does the fass mutation in Arabidopis result in a stubby plant rather than a normal elongated one? | back 12 lack of formation of the preprophase band results in random planes of cell division |
front 13 A woody eudicot is represented by | back 13 IV only |
front 14 Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its structure and function? | back 14 pericycle - waterproof ring of cells surrounding the central stele in roots |
front 15 Which of the following have thick, lignified walls that help support mature, nongrowing parts of the plant? | back 15 clerenchyma cells |
front 16 Axillary buds | back 16 develop from meristematic cells left by the apical meristem |
front 17 A mutation allows only A gene activity in a developing flower. Which flower part(s) will develop in this plant? | back 17 sepals |
front 18 For this part of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the number of vessel elements in a eudicot root cap B) the number of vessel elements in a eudicot stem | back 18 Item A is less than item B |
front 19 For this part of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the probability of damage by beetles to developing soybean pods with 10 trichomes per square mm B) the probability of damage by beetles to developing soybean pods with 2 trichomes per square mm | back 19 Item A is less than item B |
front 20 The driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil is due primarily to | back 20 elongation of cells behind the root apical meristem |
front 21 ___ is to xylem as ___ is to phloem | back 21 vessel element; sieve-tube member |
front 22 Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots? | back 22 pericycle |
front 23 Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called | back 23 stomata |
front 24 Additional vascular tissue produces as secondary growth in a root originates from which cells? | back 24 vascular cambium |
front 25 What would be a plant adaptation that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest? | back 25 apical dominance |
front 26 What effect does "pinching back" have on a houseplant? | back 26 produces a plant that will grow fuller |
front 27 The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by | back 27 a change in morphology of the leaves produced |
front 28 For this part of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the number of growth rings of a 10-year-old tree from the northern hemisphere B) the number of growth rings of a 10-year-old tree from the tropics | back 28 Item A may stand in more than one of the above relations to item B |
front 29 The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the | back 29 stele |
front 30 The polarity of a plant is established when | back 30 the zygote divides |
front 31 Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue system? | back 31 companion cell - ground tissue |
front 32 Bark becomes scaly because | back 32 cork cambium divides only parallel to the surface, and thus does not increase in circumference |
front 33 Land plants are composed of all of the following tissues except | back 33 mesodermal |
front 34 For this part of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the thickness of the cell wall in sclerenchyma B) the thickness of the cell wall in parenchyma | back 34 Item A is greater than item B |
front 35 Which cells are no longer capable of carrying out the process of DNA transcription? | back 35 sieve tube elements and companion cells |
front 36 One important difference between the anatomy of roots and the anatomy of leaves is that | back 36 a waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent in roots |
front 37 Which of the following statements is false? | back 37 Plant cells differentiate because the cytoskeleton determines which genes will be turned "on" and "off" |
front 38 Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to | back 38 cell elongation localized in each internode |
front 39 Pinching off the tops of snapdragons causes the plants to make more flowers than they would if left alone. Why does the removal of the top cause more flowers to form? | back 39 Removal of an apical meristem causes outgrowth of lateral buds that produce extra branches, which ultimately produce flowers |
front 40 Plants contain meristems whose only function is to | back 40 divide |
front 41 Which of the following is derived from the ground tissue system? | back 41 pith |
front 42 Which of the following is the correct sequence from the growing tips of the root upward? I. root cap II. zone of elongation III. zone of cell division IV. sone of cell maturation V. apical meristem | back 42 I, V, III, II, IV |
front 43 Which of the following are the water-conducting cells of xylem, have thick walls, and are dead at functional maturity? | back 43 tracheids and vessel elements |
front 44 CO2 enters the inner spaces of the leaf through | back 44 stoma |
front 45 Which of the following are relatively unspecialized cells that retain the ability to divide and perform most of the plant's metabolic functions of synthesis and storage? | back 45 parenchyma cells |
front 46 Which of the following are sugar-transporting cells in angiosperms? | back 46 seive-tube elements |
front 47 Which of the following is true of bark? | back 47 it is composed of phloem plus periderm |
front 48 As a youngster, you drive a nail in the trunk of a young tree that is 3 meters tall. The nail is about 1.5 meters from the ground. Fifteen years later, you return and discover the tree has grown to a height of 30 meters. The nail is now ___ meters above the ground? | back 48 1.5 |
front 49 Which of the following is a true statement? | back 49 secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium |
front 50 A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What type of cells are these? | back 50 parenchyma |
front 51 A person working with plants may remove apical dominance by doing which of the following? | back 51 pruning? |
front 52 A plant that is at least 3 years old is represented by? | back 52 IV only |
front 53 For this part of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship: A) the probability that xylem cells are meristematic B) the probability that trichomes are meristematic | back 53 Item A is exactly or very approximately equal to item B |
front 54 Heartwood and sapwood consist of | back 54 secondary xylem |
front 55 Which of the following arise from lateral meristem activity? | back 55 secondary xylem |
front 56 You are studying a plant from the arid southwestern United States. Which of the following adaptions is least likely to have evolved in response to water shortages? | back 56 development of large leaf surfaces to absorb water |
front 57 Which of the following is a true statement about growth in plants? | back 57 some plants lack secondary growth |
front 58 Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue? | back 58 companion cell - ground tissue |
front 59 While studying the plant Arabidopsis, a botanist finds that an RNA probe produces colored spots in the sepals of the plant. From this information, what information can be inferred? | back 59 the RNA probe is specific to a gene active in sepals |
front 60 Which of the following is not part of an older tree's bark? | back 60 secondary xylem |
front 61 Before differentiation can begin during the processes of plant cell and tissue culture, parenchyma cells from the source tissue must | back 61 undergo dedifferentiation |
front 62 Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types except | back 62 cambium cells |
front 63 Which of the following arise from meristematic activity? | back 63 tubers |
front 64 Suppose George Washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree that was stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. The leaves retained their normal appearance for several weeks, but the tree eventually died. The tissue(s) that George left functional was (were) the | back 64 xylem |
front 65 "Totipotency" is a term used to describe the ability of a cell to give rise to a complete new organism. In plants, this means that | back 65 cell differentiation depends largely on the control of gene expression |
front 66 When you eat Brussels sprouts, what are you eating? | back 66 large axillary buds |
front 67 Which of the following have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing parts of the plant | back 67 collenchyma cells |
front 68 Which of these are not produced by vascular cambium? | back 68 tachieds and vessel elements |
front 69 Which part of the plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil? | back 69 root hairs |
front 70 All of the following cell types are correctly matched with their functions except | back 70 companion cell - formation of secondary xylem and phloem |
front 71 A leaf primordium is initiated as a small mound of tissue on the flank of a dome-shaped shoot apical meristem. The earliest physical evidence of the site of a newly forming leaf primordium would be | back 71 pre-prophase bands parallel to the surface of the meristem in subsurface cells of the shoot apical meristem |
front 72 Gas exchange, necessary for photosynthesis, can occur most easily in which leaf tissue? | back 72 spongy mesophyll |
front 73 Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as | back 73 secondary tissues |
front 74 A monocot stem is represented by | back 74 II only |
front 75 The vascular system of a three-year-old eudicot stem consists of | back 75 3 rings of xylem and 1 of phloem |
front 76 According to the ABC model of floral development, which genes would be expressed in a showy ornamental flower with multiple sepals and petals but no stamens or carpels | back 76 A and B genes only |