Print A&P Chapter 23 The Digestive System flashcards

A&P Chapter 23 The Digestive System

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front 2 Which layer of the alimentary canal is responsible for segmentation and peristalsis? mucosa submucosa serosa muscularis externa	back 2 muscularis externa
front 3 Which of the following inhibits salivation? sight or smell of food sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system spicy foods parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system	back 3 sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
front 4 Which layer of the alimentary canal is constructed from either stratified squamous or simple columnar epithelium? mucosa serosa muscularis externa submucosa	back 4 mucosa

front 5 The nervous system does not regulate digestive activity. True False	back 5 False
front 6 Which histological layer of the digestive tract is composed primarily of epithelial tissue? mucosa adventitia submucosa lamina propria	back 6 mucosa
front 7 The lamina propria is composed of ________. reticular connective tissue dense irregular connective tissue loose connective tissue dense regular connective tissue	back 7 loose connective tissue
front 8 The capillaries that nourish the epithelium and absorb digested nutrients lie in the ________. submucosa serosa adventitia lamina propria	back 8 lamina propria

front 9 Which of the following is NOT a function of saliva? Saliva moistens food and helps compact it into a bolus. Saliva contains enzymes that begin the chemical breakdown of proteins. Saliva cleanses the mouth. Saliva dissolves food chemicals so they can be tasted.	back 9 Saliva contains enzymes that begin the chemical breakdown of proteins.
front 10 How many total deciduous teeth are there? 16 5 10 20	back 10 20
front 11 In the __________ phase of gastric secretion, chyme is moved into the duodenum. intestinal cephalic reflux gastric phase	back 11 intestinal
front 12 Select the correct statement about the regulation of gastric secretion. Vagus stimulation of the stomach results in decreased secretion of gastric juice. The presence of food in the stomach prevents hormonal control of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion can be stimulated before food has entered the mouth. Gastric secretion is enhanced by very low pH (below a pH of 2).	back 12 Gastric secretion can be stimulated before food has entered the mouth.

front 13 Pepsinogen is the precursor to the gastric enzyme for protein digestion and is secreted by the parietal cells. True False	back 13 False
front 14 In order to prevent self-digestion of the pancreas, activation of pancreatic proteases occurs in the __________. gallbladder duodenum stomach pancreas liver	back 14 duodenum
front 15 During deglutition, the bolus passes into the stomach from the esophagus through the __________. esophageal sphincter gastroesophageal sphincter pyloric sphincter urethral sphincter ileocecal valve	back 15 gastroesophageal sphincter
front 16 During the intestinal phase of gastric regulation, __________. the stomach is initially stimulated and later inhibited the gastroenteric reflex reduces stomach activity the enterogastric reflex is turned off hormones reduce chief cell activity secretin causes more HCl release	back 16 the stomach is initially stimulated and later inhibited

front 17 What intestinal structure(s) consist(s) of protective aggregated nodules of lymphocytes and macrophages? the muscularis mucosae the gastric pits the intestinal crypts Peyer’s patches the muscularis externa	back 17 Peyer’s patches
front 18 What are the main organic molecules digested in the stomach? nucleic acids carbohydrates lipids proteins salts	back 18 proteins
front 19 The main propulsive force that occurs in the majority of the alimentary canal is called __________. defecation segmentation peristalsis swallowing ingestion	back 19 peristalsis
front 20 Which of the following is a characteristic of the large intestine? It is the site for acid neutralization. It has villi. It contains epiploic appendages. It is longer than the small intestine. It provides no absorptive function.	back 20 It contains epiploic appendages.

front 21 Which regulatory chemical stimulates gastric gland activity and motility? gastrin CCK histamine secretin vasoactive peptide	back 21 gastrin
front 22 Which sequence below represents the correct order of the tunics of the GI tract, starting from the layer adjacent to the lumen and moving superficially? mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa muscularis externa, serosa, submucosa, mucosa submucosa, mucosa, muscularis externa, serosa mucosa, muscularis externa, submucosa, serosa serosa, mucosa, muscularis externa, submucosa	back 22 mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
front 23 What substances from different organs would mix together at the hepatopancreatic ampulla? bile and pancreatic enzymes brush border enzymes and intrinsic factor secretin and CCK HCl and pepsin	back 23 bile and pancreatic enzymes
front 24 What would be the effect of stripping the small intestines of their villi? Salivary amylase secretion would increase. The large intestine would take over as the primary absorptive site. A duodenal ulcer would develop. decreased surface area for absorption	back 24 decreased surface area for absorption

front 25 Which of the following products does the stomach produce? pepsinogen and secretin HCl and intrinsic factor bile and trypsin mucus and amylase	back 25 HCl and intrinsic factor
front 26 The final product of carbohydrate digestion is __________. glycogen disaccharides starch monosaccharides polysaccharides	back 26 monosaccharides
front 27 Which of the following cells produce HCl? chief cells mucous cells parietal cells enteroendocrine cells G cells	back 27 parietal cells
front 28 Which of the following cells produce pepsinogen? mucous cells chief cells parietal cells enteroendocrine cells G cells	back 28 chief cells

front 29 The digestive system in a cadaver is longer than in a living person because, in a cadaver, there is NO __________. digestion taking place food in the alimentary canal muscle tone enzymatic activity	back 29 muscle tone
front 30 Emulsification of which organic molecules would be most affected if the liver were severely damaged? carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids	back 30 lipids
front 31 The short reflexes in the digestive system are stimulated by __________. the enteric nerve plexuses the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system higher brain centers the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system	back 31 the enteric nerve plexuses
front 32 Which of the following statements about the mesentery is INCORRECT? It holds the organs of the abdomen in place. Omenta is the special name for part of the mesentery extending from the curvatures of the stomach. It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucous membrane. It provides a route for blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to reach the digestive viscera.	back 32 It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucous membrane.

front 33 Which of the following is the most common cause of peritonitis? a ruptured pancreatic cyst a perforating ulcer of the stomach a perforating abdominal wound a burst appendix	back 33 a burst appendix
front 34 The myxovirus causes __________. infectious mononucleosis measles irritable bowel syndrome mumps	back 34 mumps
front 35 Halitosis is caused by __________. loss of teeth lack of amylase in saliva increased anaerobic bacterial activity at the back of the tongue increased salivation	back 35 increased anaerobic bacterial activity at the back of the tongue
front 36 Which of the following teeth are most commonly impacted? incisors wisdom teeth deciduous teeth premolars	back 36 wisdom teeth

front 37 Which of the following conditions is directly associated with an increased risk for heart disease and stroke? dental caries impacted wisdom teeth gingivitis periodontitis	back 37 periodontitis
front 38 The only stomach function that is essential to life is __________. the secretion of pepsinogen the presence of HCl mechanical digestion the secretion of intrinsic factor	back 38 the secretion of intrinsic factor
front 39 Some aspects of the __________ phase of gastric secretion, which occur before food enters the stomach, may be considered conditioned reflexes. intestinal gastric esophageal cephalic	back 39 cephalic
front 40 The myenteric nerve plexus is located in which tunic of the alimentary canal? submucosa serosa mucosa muscularis externa	back 40 muscularis externa

front 41 Which of the following is a function of the gallbladder? secreting pancreatic juice metabolizing carbohydrate storing and concentrating bile converting pepsinogen to pepsin	back 41 storing and concentrating bile
front 42 Many of the early food allergies seen in infants are caused by __________. excessive absorption of fat absorption of whole proteins lactase deficiency gallstones	back 42 absorption of whole proteins
front 43 Which of the following is a condition affecting the large intestine that is NOT explained by anatomical or biochemical abnormalities? a hiatal hernia irritable bowel syndrome pernicious anemia celiac disease	back 43 irritable bowel syndrome
front 44 Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system? tongue teeth salivary glands intestines	back 44 intestines

front 45 The major site for nutrient absorption is the __________. small intestine mouth stomach large intestine	back 45 small intestine
front 46 The enteric nervous system is the in-house nerve supply of the alimentary canal. True False	back 46 True
front 47 The serous membrane that covers the external surfaces of most digestive organs is called the __________. visceral peritoneum parietal peritoneum mesentery omentum	back 47 visceral peritoneum
front 48 __________ circulation collects nutrient-rich blood from the GI tract and delivers it to the liver. Peritoneal Aortic Hepatic portal Cardiac	back 48 Hepatic portal

front 49 serosa	back 49 protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal
front 50 mucosa	back 50 main site of nutrient absorption
front 51 submucosa	back 51 moderately dense connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers
front 52 muscularis externa	back 52 responsible for segmentation and peristalsis

front 53 Saliva contains enzymes that break down proteins. True False	back 53 False
front 54 The permanent dentition consists of __________ teeth in a full set. 10 16 20 32	back 54 32
front 55 A weak gastroesophageal (cardiac) sphincter can result in heartburn. True False	back 55 True
front 56 Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach? chemical digestion of carbohydrates temporary holding area for food until it can be moved to the duodenum absorption of a few fat-soluble substances mechanical breakdown of the bolus into chyme	back 56 chemical digestion of carbohydrates

front 57 The phases of gastric secretion, from first to last, are __________. cephalic phase, intestinal phase, gastric phase cephalic phase, gastric phase, intestinal phase gastric phase, cephalic phase, intestinal phase intestinal phase, gastric phase, cephalic phase	back 57 cephalic phase, gastric phase, intestinal phase
front 58 The increased concentration of HCO3– in blood draining from the stomach is called __________. the enterogastric reflex the gastric phase the chloride shift the alkaline tide	back 58 the alkaline tide
front 59 The __________ is the first segment of the small intestine. ileum colon jejunum duodenum	back 59 duodenum
front 60 Digestion of carbohydrates and proteins by brush border enzymes occurs within the __________ of the small intestine. circular folds villi microvilli goblet cells	back 60 microvilli

front 61 Bile is stored and concentrated in the __________. pancreas gallbladder liver stomach	back 61 gallbladder
front 62 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the liver? It is highly regenerative. It stores glucose as glycogen. It has three lobes. It has a role in detoxifying the blood.	back 62 It has three lobes.
front 63 __________ is/are NOT found in pancreatic secretions. Chymotrypsinogen Procarboxypeptidase Cholecystokinin (CCK) Bicarbonate ions	back 63 Cholecystokinin (CCK)
front 64 Most digestion occurs in the small intestine. True False	back 64 True

front 65 Most water is absorbed in the __________. small intestine large intestine stomach liver	back 65 small intestine
front 66 Bacterial flora in the large intestine does NOT produce __________. B vitamins intrinsic factor vitamin K CO2	back 66 intrinsic factor
front 67 Diarrhea results when food passes too quickly through the large intestine. True False	back 67 True
front 68 lipids	back 68 fatty acids and monoglycerides

front 69 proteins	back 69 amino acids
front 70 carbohydrates	back 70 monosaccharides
front 71 nucleic acids	back 71 nucleotides
front 72 Pepsin enzymatically digests __________. carbohydrate fat protein nucleic acids	back 72 protein

front 73 Someone on a fat-free diet would NOT efficiently absorb vitamin D from the diet. True False	back 73 True
front 74 The serous membrane that covers the external surface of most digestive organs is called the __________. parietal peritoneum mesentery omentum visceral peritoneum	back 74 visceral peritoneum
front 75 __________ is the major means of propulsion in the digestive system. Peristalsis Ingestion Mechanical digestion Defecation	back 75 Peristalsis
front 76 Which of the following statements about the mesentery is incorrect? It provides a route for blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to reach the digestive viscera. Omenta is the special name for part of the mesentery. It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane. It holds the organs of the abdomen in place.	back 76 It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane.

front 77 Identify the physiology associated with “E.” Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol. Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia. Lined with stratified squamous epithelia. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia.	back 77 May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol.
front 78 Match the following term to its correct description: Muscularis externa. Main site of nutrient absorption Areolar connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis	back 78 Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis
front 79 Match the following term to its correct description: Mucosa. Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis Main site of nutrient absorption Areolar connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers	back 79 Main site of nutrient absorption
front 80 Match the following digestive process with the correct description: Chemical digestion. Enzymatic degradation of foodstuffs into simpler molecules Elimination of indigestible solids Passage of digested materials from the lumen of the GI tract into the blood or lymph Chewing, mixing, churning, and segmentation of food Taking food into the digestive system	back 80 Enzymatic degradation of foodstuffs into simpler molecules

front 81 Identify the physiology associated with “E.” Is one of the first steps in chemical digestion as it begins the digestion of starches Composed of skeletal muscle and thus may be controlled voluntarily Is integral in preventing pernicious anemia. When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary. Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs.	back 81 When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary.
front 82 Identify the physiology associated with “D.” Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. Lined with stratified squamous epithelia. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia. Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol.	back 82 Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies.
front 83 Match the following term to its correct description: Mucosa. Main site of nutrient absorption Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis Areolar connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers	back 83 Main site of nutrient absorption
front 84 Identify the physiology associated with “B.” Composed of skeletal muscle and thus may be controlled voluntarily Is one of the first steps in chemical digestion as it begins the digestion of starches When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary. Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs. Is integral in preventing pernicious anemia.	back 84 Composed of skeletal muscle and thus may be controlled voluntarily

front 85 Which of the following is not an accessory organ of the digestive system? Tongue Intestines Salivary glands Teeth	back 85 Intestines
front 86 Identify the physiology associated with “F.” Lined with stratified squamous epithelia. Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia. Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol.	back 86 Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting.
front 87 Identify the physiology associated with “C.” Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia. Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia. Lined with stratified squamous epithelia.	back 87 May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia.
front 88 Match the following digestive process with the correct description: Chemical digestion. Enzymatic degradation of foodstuffs into simpler molecules Chewing, mixing, churning, and segmentation of food Elimination of indigestible solids Passage of digested materials from the lumen of the GI tract into the blood or lymph Taking food into the digestive system	back 88 Enzymatic degradation of foodstuffs into simpler molecules

front 89 Hollow muscular organs, like the stomach, that act as reservoirs exhibit __________. receptive relaxation peristalsis positive feedback accommodation	back 89 accommodation
front 90 The short reflexes in the digestive system are mediated by __________. higher brain centers the sympathetic system the enteric nerve plexuses the parasympathetic system	back 90 the enteric nerve plexuses
front 91 Which of the following statements about the mesentery is incorrect? Omenta is the special name for part of the mesentery. It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane. It holds the organs of the abdomen in place. It provides a route for blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to reach the digestive viscera.	back 91 It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane.
front 92 Identify the physiology associated with “C.” Is integral in preventing pernicious anemia. Is one of the first steps in chemical digestion as it begins the digestion of starches When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary. Composed of skeletal muscle and thus may be controlled voluntarily Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs.	back 92 Is integral in preventing pernicious anemia.

front 93 The alimentary canal in a cadaver is longer than in a living person because, in a cadaver, there is no __________. digestion taking place hormonal influence muscle tone food in the tube	back 93 muscle tone
front 94 Which of the following is not an accessory organ of the digestive system? Teeth Intestines Tongue Salivary glands	back 94 Intestines
front 95 Match the following digestive process with the correct description: Absorption. Taking food into the digestive system Elimination of indigestible solids Enzymatic degradation of foodstuffs into simpler molecules Passage of digested materials from the lumen of the GI tract into the blood or lymph Chewing, mixing, churning, and segmentation of food	back 95 Passage of digested materials from the lumen of the GI tract into the blood or lymph
front 96 Identify the physiology associated with “E.” Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs. Is one of the first steps in chemical digestion as it begins the digestion of starches Composed of skeletal muscle and thus may be controlled voluntarily When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary. Is integral in preventing pernicious anemia.	back 96 When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary.

front 97 __________ is the major means of propulsion in the digestive system. Defecation Mechanical digestion Peristalsis Ingestion	back 97 Peristalsis
front 98 Identify the physiology associated with “F.” May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia. Lined with stratified squamous epithelia. Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia.	back 98 Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting.
front 99 Identify the physiology associated with “D.” Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia. Lined with stratified squamous epithelia.	back 99 Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies.
front 100 Match the following term to its correct description: Serosa. Areolar connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis Main site of nutrient absorption Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal	back 100 Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal

front 101 Identify the physiology associated with “C.” Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. Lined with stratified squamous epithelia. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol. Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia.	back 101 May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia.
front 102 Match the following digestive process with the correct description: Absorption. Enzymatic degradation of foodstuffs into simpler molecules Chewing, mixing, churning, and segmentation of food Taking food into the digestive system Elimination of indigestible solids Passage of digested materials from the lumen of the GI tract into the blood or lymph	back 102 Passage of digested materials from the lumen of the GI tract into the blood or lymph
front 103 Match the following term to its correct description: Muscularis externa. Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal Main site of nutrient absorption Areolar connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers	back 103 Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis
front 104 Match the following term with its correct description: Same structure as the visceral peritoneum. Submucosa Muscularis Mucosa Serosa	back 104 Serosa

front 105 The serous membrane that covers the external surface of most digestive organs is called the __________. visceral peritoneum mesentery omentum parietal peritoneum	back 105 visceral peritoneum
front 106 Match the following term with its correct description: Same structure as the visceral peritoneum. Muscularis Serosa Submucosa Mucosa	back 106 Serosa
front 107 Which of the following statements about the mesentery is incorrect? It holds the organs of the abdomen in place. It provides a route for blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves to reach the digestive viscera. Omenta is the special name for part of the mesentery. It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane.	back 107 It is composed of a layer of serous membrane fused with a layer of mucus membrane.
front 108 Identify the physiology associated with “D.” Is one of the first steps in chemical digestion as it begins the digestion of starches Composed of skeletal muscle and thus may be controlled voluntarily Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs. Is integral in preventing pernicious anemia. When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary.	back 108 Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs.

front 109 The serous membrane that covers the external surface of most digestive organs is called the __________. mesentery omentum parietal peritoneum visceral peritoneum	back 109 visceral peritoneum
front 110 Identify the physiology associated with “B.” Lined with stratified squamous epithelia. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia. Stores nutrients, makes bile, and detoxifies. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia. Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea an vomiting. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol.	back 110 May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia.
front 111 Match the following term to its correct description: Serosa. Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis Main site of nutrient absorption Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal Areolar connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers	back 111 Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal
front 112 Which sequence below represents the correct layering of the wall of the GI tract, starting from the layer next to the lumen? Muscularis externa, serosa, submucosa, mucosa Submucosa, mucosa, muscularis externa, serosa Mucosa, muscularis externa, submucosa, serosa Serosa, mucosa, muscularis externa, submucosa Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa	back 112 Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

front 113 Match the following term to its correct description: Mucosa. Main site of nutrient absorption Areolar connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal	back 113 Main site of nutrient absorption
front 114 Identify the physiology associated with “A.” Is one of the first steps in chemical digestion as it begins the digestion of starches Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs. Composed of skeletal muscle and thus may be controlled voluntarily Is integral in preventing pernicious anemia. When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary.	back 114 Is one of the first steps in chemical digestion as it begins the digestion of starches
front 115 Identify the physiology associated with “E.” Lined with stratified squamous epithelia. Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol. Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia.	back 115 May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol.
front 116 Identify the physiology associated with “D.” Is one of the first steps in chemical digestion as it begins the digestion of starches Composed of skeletal muscle and thus may be controlled voluntarily Is integral in preventing pernicious anemia. When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary. Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs.	back 116 Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs.

front 117 Identify the physiology associated with “F.” Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia. Lined with stratified squamous epithelia. Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia.	back 117 Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting.
front 118 Identify the physiology associated with “E.” Is integral in preventing pernicious anemia. Its name means “all meat” because it breaks down all categories of food stuffs. Composed of skeletal muscle and thus may be controlled voluntarily When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary. Is one of the first steps in chemical digestion as it begins the digestion of starches	back 118 When infected by C.difficile, a fecal transplant may be necessary.
front 119 Identify the physiology associated with “D.” Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies. Cells divide rapidly and are therefore often damaged by chemotherapy leading to nausea and vomiting. May be affected by congenital condition called ankyloglossia. Lined with stratified squamous epithelia. May become ulcerated in a hiatal hernia. May be obstructed by crystallized cholesterol.	back 119 Stores nutrients, makes bile and detoxifies.
front 120 Hollow muscular organs, like the stomach, that act as reservoirs exhibit __________. accommodation receptive relaxation peristalsis positive feedback	back 120 accommodation

front 121

Match the following term to its correct description: Muscularis externa.

Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis
Main site of nutrient absorption
Areolar connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers
Protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal

back 121

Responsible for segmentation and peristalsis

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A&P Chapter 23 The Digestive System