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GSU Muscles of the Leg and Foot

front 1

Any tendon that crosses _________________ to either malleolus will atleast dorsiflex the foot

back 1

anterior

front 2

Any tendon that crosses posterior to either malleoulus wll at least ______ flex the foot

back 2

plantar

front 3

Any muscle that has the term ______ will at least invert the foot

back 3

tibialis

front 4

Any muscle that has the term fibularis will at least _____ the foot

back 4

evert

front 5

What fascia separates each compartment of leg muscles?

back 5

crural fascia

front 6

What are the compartments of the leg?

back 6

anterior, lateral, and posterior

front 7

What are the anterior leg muscles (in order of most suerpficial/medial to deepest/most lateral)

back 7

Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and fibularis tertius

front 8

O I A INN of tibialis anterior?

back 8

O lateral condyle and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

I medial and inferior spaces of medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal

A dorsiflex the foot; invert the foot. supports medial longitudinal arch of foot.

Inn deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

front 9

Which nerve innervates all anterior leg muscles?

spinal cord levels?

back 9

Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)

front 10

O I A INN of extensor hallucis longus?

back 10

O middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

I Dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of hallux

A dorsiflex foot; extend hallux

INN deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

front 11

O I A INN of extensor digitorum longus?

back 11

O lateral condyle of tibia and superior 2/3 of anterior surface of fibular and interosseous membrane

I middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits

A dorsiflex foot; extend digits 2-5

INN deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

front 12

O I A INN of fibularis tertius

back 12

O Inferior third of of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

I dorsum of base of metatarsal 5

A dorsiflex foot; evert foot

INN deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

front 13

What are the lateral muscles of the leg?

back 13

fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

front 14

What are the lateral muscles of the leg innervated by?

spinal cord levels?

back 14

superficial fibular nerve

L5-S2

front 15

What are the jobs of the lateral leg muscles?

back 15

plantar flex and evert the foot

front 16

O I A INN of fibularis longus?

back 16

O head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

I Base of metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform

A evert foot/plantar flex foot; supports transverse arch of foot.

INN superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)

front 17

O I A INN of fibularis brevis

back 17

O middle part of lateral surface of fibula

I dorsal surface of tuberosity of base of metatarsal 5

A evert foot/plantar flex foot

INN superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)

front 18

What are the superficial posterior leg muscles?

back 18

gastrocnemeus, soleus, and plantaris

front 19

What is the innervation of all superficial posterior leg muscles?

spinal cord levels

back 19

tibial n (S1-S2)

front 20

O I A INN of gastrocnemeus?

back 20

O lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur

medial head: popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle

I posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

A plantar flexes ankle when knee is extended; raises heel during walking, and flexes knee joint.

INN tibial n (S1,S2)

front 21

What action do all posterior superficial leg muscles at least perform?

back 21

plantar flex the foot

front 22

O I A INN of soleus

back 22

O posterior aspect of head of fibula, superior quarter of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line, and medial border of tibia

I calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon

A plantar flex foot. steadies leg on foot.

Inn tibial n (S1, S2)

front 23

O I A INN of plantaris?

back 23

O inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament.

I calcaneal tuberosity -- has its own tendon, does not use calcaneal tendon

A assists gastroc in plantarflexing foot. function is probably mainly proprioceptive

INN tibial n (s1, s2)

front 24

What are the deep posterior leg muscles?

back 24

popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus

front 25

what innervates all deep posterior leg muscles?

spinal cord levels

back 25

tibial n

L4-S3

front 26

O I A INN of popliteus?

back 26

O lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus

I Posterior tibia,superficial to soleal line

A weakly flexes knee and unlocks it by laterally rotating femur on fixed tibia, may also medially rotate tibia on unplanted limb

INN tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1)

front 27

What should Tom Dick ANd Harry prompt?

back 27

tendon of Tibialis posterior, tendon of Digitorum longus, posterior tibial Artery, tibial Nerve, and tendon of flexor Hallucis longus

front 28

O I A INN of tibialis posterior?

back 28

O Posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, posterior surface of fibula, and interosseous membrane

I Tuberosity of Navicular, allcuneiforms, cuboid,metatarsals 2-4

A plantar flex foot and invert foot; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

INN tibial n (L4, L5)

front 29

O I A INN of flexor hallucis longus

back 29

O inferior two thirds of posterior surface of fibula and inferior part of interosseus membrane

I Base of the distalphalanx of hallux

A flex big toe and plantar flex foot; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot.

INN tibial n (s2, s3)

front 30

O I A INN of flexor digitorum longus

back 30

O medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and by a broad tendon to the fibula

I Base of distal phalanx of digits 2-5

A plantar flex foot and flex digits 2-5; supports longitudinal arches of foot

INN tibial n (s2, S3)

front 31

What are the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

back 31

extensor hallucis brevis and extensor digitorum brevis

front 32

What nerve innervates the muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

back 32

deep fibular nerve

front 33

O I A INN of extensor hallucis brevis?

back 33

O Superior surface of anterior calcaneus

I Base of proximal phalanx of hallux

A extend hallux

INN deep fibular nerve

front 34

O I A INN of extensor digitorum brevis?

back 34

O Superior surface ofanterior calcaneous

I Extensor digitorum longus tendon of digits 2-4

A extend digits 2-4

I Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)

front 35

What are the superficial muscles of the plantar surface of the foot?

back 35

abductor hallucis

flexor digitorum brevis

abudctor digiti minimi

front 36

O I A INN of abductor hallucis?

back 36

O medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, and plantar aponeurosis

I Medial side of proximal phalanx of hallux

A abduct hallux and flexes hallux

INN medial plantar nerve (s2, S3)

front 37

O I A INN of flexor digitorum brevis?

back 37

medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa

Sides of middle phalanges digits 2-5

flex digits 2-5

medial plantar nerve (s2,S3)

front 38

O I A INN of abductor digiti minimi?

back 38

plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa, and medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus

Lateral side of proximalphalanx of digit 5

abduct digit 5

lateral plantar nerve

front 39

in general, a muscle that passes anterior to the hip joint will

back 39

flex the hip

front 40

in general, a muscle that passes posterior to the hip joint will

back 40

extend the hip

front 41

in general, a muscle that passes medial to the hip joint will

back 41

adduct the hip

front 42

in general, a muscle that passes lateral to the hip joint will

back 42

abduct the hip

front 43

in general, a muscle that passes anterior to the knee joint will

back 43

extend the leg

front 44

in general, a muscle that passes posterior the the knee joint will

back 44

flex the leg

front 45

O I A INN of quadratus plantae?

back 45

O medial surface of lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus

I posterlateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus

A assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits

INN lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

front 46

O I A INN of lumbrical muscles

back 46

O tendons of flexor digitorum longus

I medial aspect of expansion over lateral four digits

A flex proximal phalanges, extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits

INN medial one: medial plantar nerve S2, S3

lateral three: lateral plantar nerve (S2,S3)

front 47

O I A INN of flexor hallucis brevis

back 47

O plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform

I both sides of proximal phalanx of first digit

A flexes proximal phalanx of hallux

INN medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

front 48

O I A INN of adductor hallucis

back 48

O oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2-4

transverse head: plantar ligaments of 3rd - 5th metatarsalphalangeal joints

I tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit

A adducts first digit; assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot.

Inn deep branch of lateral plantar nerve ( S2, S3)

front 49

O I A INN of flexor digiti minimi brevis

back 49

O base of 5th metatarsal

I base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

A flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit thereby assisting with its flexion

Inn superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

front 50

O I A INN of dorsal interosseous muscles (four muscles)

back 50

O adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5

I first: medial side of proximal phalanx of second digit

second - fourth: lateral sides of 2nd-4th digit

A abduct digits 2-4 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints

Inn lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

front 51

O I A INN of plantar interossei mm (three muscles)

back 51

O bases and medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

I medials sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3rd - 5th digits

A adduct digits 3-5 and flex metatarsaphalangeal joints

Inn lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)