front 1 The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes the brain and spinal cord. | back 1 False |
front 2 Which of the following is a characteristic of the lens? | back 2 The lens focuses light on the retina. |
front 3 The distance between two consecutive wave crests is the __________. | back 3 wavelength |
front 4 Regeneration within the CNS ________. | back 4 is prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes |
front 5 Broca's area ________. | back 5 is considered a motor speech area |
front 6 Which of the following is the basic taste quality responsible for the "beef taste" of steak? | back 6 umami |
front 7 Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve? | back 7 vestibulocochlear |
front 8 The brain stem consists of the ________. | back 8 midbrain, medulla, and pons |
front 9 Which part of the brain processes inputs received from the cerebral motor cortex, brain stem nuclei, and various sensory receptors, and then uses this information to coordinate somatic motor output so that smooth, well-timed movements occur? | back 9 cerebellum |
front 10 Which middle ear ossicle is attached to, and transmits vibratory motion to, the oval window? | back 10 stapes |
front 11 All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the ________. | back 11 thalamus |
front 12 Which of the following is the correct simple spinal reflex arc? | back 12 receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector |
front 13 The cerebellum and basal nuclei are involved in regulating motor activity, starting and stopping movements, and coordinating postural movements. | back 13 True |
front 14 An essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium is (are) the ________. | back 14 otoliths |
front 15 There are three layers of neurons in the retina. The axons of which of these neuron layers form the optic nerves? | back 15 ganglion cells |
front 16 The anterior chamber of the eye is filled with vitreous humor. | back 16 False |
front 17 Somatic reflexes activate __________. | back 17 skeletal muscle |
front 18 What part of the eye constitutes the blind spot? | back 18 optic disc |
front 19 CNS nerve fibers lack the intrinsic capacity to regenerate, while PNS nerve fibers are able to regenerate. | back 19 True |
front 20 The majority of the cranial nerves attach to the __________. | back 20 brain stem. |
front 21 What parts of the brain ultimately plan and coordinate complex motor activities? | back 21 cerebellum and basal nuclei |
front 22 After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by ________. | back 22 Schwann cells |
front 23 The arbor vitae refers to ________. | back 23 cerebellar white matter |
front 24 If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies? | back 24 a complete loss of voluntary movement |
front 25 What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye? | back 25 iris |
front 26 The bending of light rays is called reflection. | back 26 False |
front 27 If retinal detachment occurs in the macula lutea, one can predict that there would be a significant loss of ______. | back 27 color vision |
front 28 Which photoreceptors respond to very dim light? | back 28 rods |
front 29 What is the main function of the rods in the eye? | back 29 vision in dim light |
front 30 There are __________ pairs of cranial nerves. | back 30 12 |
front 31 Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ________. | back 31 afferent nerves |
front 32 Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called ________. | back 32 gyri |
front 33 Which of the following best describes the hypothalamus? | back 33 visceral control center of the body |
front 34 The receptor organ for hearing is the __________. | back 34 spiral organ (of Corti) |
front 35 Pressure, pain, and temperature receptors in the skin are ________. | back 35 exteroceptors |
front 36 Which of the following generalizations does not describe the cerebral cortex? | back 36 The hemispheres are exactly equal in function. |
front 37 Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by ________. | back 37 nociceptors |
front 38 Nerves that only carry impulses away from the central nervous system (CNS) are called __________. | back 38 motor nerves |
front 39 Seventy percent of all sensory receptors are located in the ________. | back 39 eye |
front 40 Conscious perception of vision probably reflects activity in the ________. | back 40 occipital lobe of the cortex |
front 41 Which of the following cranial nerves carries only sensory information? | back 41 olfactory |
front 42 Which of the following is NOT an accessory structure of the eye? | back 42 retina |
front 43 __________ causes a person to lapse abruptly into REM sleep from the awake state. | back 43 Narcolepsy |
front 44 Most taste buds are located __________. | back 44 on the tongue |
front 45 Which part of the brain is the "executive suite" for all brain activity? | back 45 cerebral cortex |
front 46 Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus? | back 46 secretion of the hormone melatonin |
front 47 Olfactory cells and taste buds are normally stimulated by ________. | back 47 substances in solution |
front 48 Which part of the brain stem houses the reflex centers for respiration and cardiovascular functioning? | back 48 medulla oblongata |
front 49 The receptors for smell are activated when __________. | back 49 dissolved odorants bind to receptor proteins in the cilium membranes |
front 50 Where are equilibrium receptors located? | back 50 in the semicircular canals and in the vestibule of the ear |
front 51 Olfactory cells and taste buds are normally stimulated by ________. | back 51 substances in solution |
front 52 Which brain nucleus is the body's "biological clock"? | back 52 suprachiasmatic nucleus |
front 53 There are __________ pairs of cranial nerves. | back 53 12 |
front 54 Which of the following is the basic taste quality responsible for the "beef taste" of steak? | back 54 umami |
front 55 Tremor at rest, shuffling gait, stooped posture, and expressionless face are characteristics of ________. | back 55 Parkinson's disease |
front 56 Which of the following is NOT an accessory structure of the eye? | back 56 retina |
front 57 Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ________. | back 57 afferent nerves |
front 58 If retinal detachment occurs in the macula lutea, one can predict that there would be a significant loss of ______. | back 58 color vision |
front 59 What part of the eye constitutes the blind spot? | back 59 optic disc |
front 60 The bending of light rays is called reflection. | back 60 False |
front 61 The anterior chamber of the eye is filled with vitreous humor. | back 61 False |
front 62 Which type of white matter fiber tract connects the two cerebral hemispheres? | back 62 commissures |
front 63 Which of the following best describes the hypothalamus? | back 63 visceral control center of the body |
front 64 Patients who have lesions involving Broca's area __________. | back 64 can understand language, but have difficulty speaking |
front 65 The cerebellum and basal nuclei are involved in regulating motor activity, starting and stopping movements, and coordinating postural movements. | back 65 True |
front 66 Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve? | back 66 vestibulocochlear |
front 67 Static equilibrium involves linear acceleration as well as changes in head rotation. | back 67 False |
front 68 Spinal nerves are all classified as __________. | back 68 mixed nerves |
front 69 The blood-brain barrier is effective against ________. | back 69 metabolic waste such as urea |
front 70 Which middle ear ossicle is attached to, and transmits vibratory motion to, the oval window? | back 70 stapes |
front 71 Ordinarily, it is not possible to transplant tissues from one person to another, yet corneas can be transplanted without tissue rejection. This is because the cornea ________. | back 71 has no blood supply |
front 72 Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres? | back 72 longitudinal fissure |
front 73 Which part of the cerebral cortex is involved in intellect, cognition, recall, and personality? | back 73 prefrontal cortex |
front 74 Where are equilibrium receptors located? | back 74 in the semicircular canals and in the vestibule of the ear |
front 75 Seventy percent of all sensory receptors are located in the ________. | back 75 eye |
front 76 __________ are collections of neuron cell bodies associated with nerves in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). | back 76 Ganglia |
front 77 Which part of the brain is considered the "gateway" to the cerebral cortex? | back 77 thalamus |
front 78 Eye color is determined by the amount of brown pigment present in the iris. | back 78 True |
front 79 Regeneration within the CNS ________. | back 79 is prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes |
front 80 Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus? | back 80 secretion of the hormone melatonin |
front 81 The arbor vitae refers to ________. | back 81 cerebellar white matter |
front 82 Nerves that only carry impulses away from the central nervous system (CNS) are called __________. | back 82 motor nerves |
front 83 The structure that allows equalization of the pressure in the middle ear with that outside the body is the external auditory meatus. | back 83 False |
front 84 What is the main function of the rods in the eye? | back 84 vision in dim light |
front 85 The vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the ________. | back 85 medulla |
front 86 Dermatomes are skin segments that relate to sensory innervation regions of the spinal nerves. | back 86 True |
front 87 Which of these lettered structures serves as the taste cells? | back 87 C |
front 88 Which meninx is a delicate connective tissue membrane that clings tightly to the brain like cellophane wrap following its every convolution? | back 88 pia mater |
front 89 __________ causes a person to lapse abruptly into REM sleep from the awake state. | back 89 Narcolepsy |
front 90 The majority of the cranial nerves attach to the __________. | back 90 brain stem. |
front 91 Which of the following generalizations does not describe the cerebral cortex? | back 91 The hemispheres are exactly equal in function. |
front 92 In the figure below, which letter points to an afferent neuron? | back 92 A |
front 93 Which of the following is the receptor organ for hearing? | back 93 spiral organ (of Corti) |
front 94 The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes the brain and spinal cord. | back 94 False |
front 95 Which part of the brain processes inputs received from the cerebral motor cortex, brain stem nuclei, and various sensory receptors, and then uses this information to coordinate somatic motor output so that smooth, well-timed movements occur? | back 95 cerebellum |
front 96 The receptor organ for hearing is the __________. | back 96 spiral organ (of Corti) |
front 97 Pressure, pain, and temperature receptors in the skin are ________. | back 97 exteroceptors |
front 98 What cells line the ventricles of the brain? | back 98 ependymal cells |
front 99 What parts of the brain ultimately plan and coordinate complex motor activities? | back 99 cerebellum and basal nuclei |
front 100 Which part of the brain stem houses the reflex centers for respiration and cardiovascular functioning? | back 100 medulla oblongata |