front 1 During pulmonary circulation blood leaves the __________. A.) right atrium and goes directly to the left ventricle B.) right ventricle and moves to the lungs C.) right atrium and goes directly to the lungs D.) left ventricle and moves to the lungs E.) right ventricle and goes directly to the aorta | back 1 right ventricle and moves to the lungs |
front 2 During systemic circulation, blood leaves the __________. A.) right ventricle and goes directly to the aorta B.) right ventricle and moves to the lungs C.) right atrium and goes directly to the lungs D.) left ventricle and goes directly to the aorta E.) lungs and moves to the left atrium | back 2 left ventricle and goes directly to the aorta |
front 3 The endothelium is composed of __________. A.) tunica media muscle cells B.) simple columnar epithelium C.) stratified squamous epithelium D.) simple squamous epithelium E.) simple cuboidal epithelium | back 3 simple squamous epithelium |
front 4 The inferior vena cava brings blood from the lower regions of the body and empties into the __________. A.) right atrium B.) left ventricle C.) aorta D.) left atrium E.) right ventricle | back 4 right atrium |
front 5 Which of the following is the correct sequence of layers in the vessel wall from outside to inside? A.) tunica intima, tunica externa, tunica media B.) tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima C.) tunica intima, tunica externa, tunica media D.) tunica media, tunica intima, tunica externa E.) It varies from vessel to vessel. | back 5 tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima |
front 6 The major long-term mechanism of blood pressure control is provided by the __________. A.) the heart B.) the lungs C.) paravertebral ganglia D.) kidneys E.) the digestive tract | back 6 kidneys |
front 7 Exchange of gases and nutrients occurs by diffusion between the __________. A.) arteries and veins B.) capillaries and tissue cells C.) arterioles and tissue cells D.) arterioles and venules E.) artery walls and tissue cells | back 7 capillaries and tissue cells |
front 8 Any condition in which blood vessels are inadequately filled and blood cannot circulate normally is called __________. A.) arteriosclerosis B.) hypertension C.) atherosclerosis D.) varicose veins E.) circulatory shock | back 8 circulatory shock |
front 9 Reduction in the lumen diameter of a blood vessel as the smooth muscle contracts is known as __________. A.) vasodilation B.) atherosclerosis C.) varicose veins D.) vasoconstriction E.) arteriosclerosis | back 9 vasoconstriction |
front 10 The only vessels that provide direct access to nearly every cell in the body are the __________. A.) venules B.) veins C.) arteries D.) capillaries E.) arterioles | back 10 capillaries |
front 11 Which of the following regulates blood flow at the entrance to each true capillary? A.) lymph nodes B.) precapillary sphincter C.) valves D.) tunica intima E.) tunica externa | back 11 precapillary sphincter |
front 12 Loss of vastomotor tone that results in a huge drop in peripheral resistance is knowns as ____________. A.) varicose veins B.) vascular shock C.) atherosclerosis D.) hypertension E.) vasoconstriction | back 12 vascular shock |
front 13 Which of the following arteries branches to form the common hepatic artery, left gastric artery, and splenic artery? A.) superior mesentric artery B.) inferior mesenteric artery C.) gonadal arteries D.) celiac trunk E.) descending aorta | back 13 celiac trunk |
front 14 Which of the following veins is the longest in the body? A.) superior mesenteric artery B.) inferior mesenteric artery C.) gonadal arteries D.) celiac trunk E.) descending aorta | back 14 great saphenous vein |
front 15 Which of the layers of an artery wall is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system and many hormones? A.) inner layer B.) subendothelial layer C.) middle layer D.) outer layer | back 15 middle layer |
front 16 Which of the following types of blood vessels have the proportionally thickest tunica media of all vessels? A.) vasa vasorum B.) arterioles C.) distributing arteries D.) elastic arteries | back 16 distributing arteries |
front 17 __________ inhibits fibrinolysis by competing with plasminogen and may contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. A.) lipoprotein (a) B.) foamy macrophages C.) cytomegalovirus D.) cholesterol | back 17 lipoprotein (a) |
front 18 The minute-to-minute blood flow through the capillary beds is determined by the __________. A.) diameter of arterioles B.) constriction of elastic arteries C.) number of elastic fibers in conducting arteries D.) elastic lamina on both sides of the tunica media in muscular arteries | back 18 diameter of arterioles |
front 19 The presence of __________ stabilizes the wall of capillaries. A.) elastic fibers B.) pericytes C.) gap junctions D.) valves | back 19 perictyes |
front 20 All but which of the following blood vessels contain intercellular clefts? A.) arterioles B.) continuous capillaries C.) fenestrated capillaries D.) sinusoidal capillaries | back 20 arterioles |
front 21 The flow of blood from the left ventricle to the right atrium is called the __________. A.) pulmonary circulation B.) hepatoportal circulation C.) microcirculation D.) systemic circulation | back 21 systemic circulation |
front 22 A metarteriole is a vessel that __________. A.) auxiliary channel B.) is intermediate between the arteriole and the capillary bed C.) drains the capillary bed D.) is intermediate between a capillary and a venule | back 22 is intermediate between the arteriole and the capillary bed |
front 23 Which of the following conditions would NOT increase the chances of developing varicose veins? A.) standing to attention for long periods of time B.) pregnancy C.) running in place D.) a potbelly in an obese person | back 23 running in place |
front 24 Up to 65% of the body's blood supply is found in __________. A.) arterioles B.) veins C.) capillaries D.) arteries | back 24 veins |
front 25 All of the following are examples of venous sinuses EXCEPT __________. A.) coronary sinuses B.) dural sinuses C.) venous sinuses D.) carotid sinuses | back 25 carotid sinuses |
front 26 Most neural controls of blood pressure involve input from baroreceptors, which are sensitive to __________. A.) to changes in blood pressure B.) the level of carbon dioxide in the blood C.) the constriction of capillary beds D.) the level of oxygen in the blood | back 26 to changes in blood pressure |
front 27 An elastic lamina on both sides of the tunica media is a characteristic of __________. A.) elastic arteries B.) all arteries C.) conducting arteries D.) muscular arteries | back 27 muscular arteries |
front 28 Which of the following blood vessels is the most susceptible to atherosclerosis? A.) the aorta B.) the cerebral arteries C. )the femoral artery D.) the pulmonary arteries | back 28 the aorta |
front 29 Which of the following is the major force generating blood flow? A.) blood vessel diameter B.) blood viscosity C.) pumping action of the heart D.) total blood vessel length E.) peripheral resistance | back 29 pumping action of the heart |
front 30 Blood enters the myocardium of the heart by coronary vessels that originate from the __________. A.) superior vena cava B.) inside of the ventricles C.) pulmonary artery D.) pulmonary veins E.) aorta | back 30 Aorta |