front 1 | back 1 Hold for the combined value of the tied notes |
front 2 | back 2 A stressed note |
front 3 | back 3 Detached |
front 4 | back 4 Play the notes smoothly legato. |
front 5 | back 5 Pause, hold the note or rest longer than its written value |
front 6 | back 6 Becoming louder |
front 7 | back 7 Becoming softer |
front 8 | back 8 Play one octave above written pitch |
front 9 | back 9 Play one octave below written pitch |
front 10 | back 10 From the sign |
front 11 | back 11 Repeat the music within the two signs, or between the sign and the beginning of the piece. |
front 12 | back 12 (Pedal marking) Use the damper pedal (on the piano). |
front 13 | back 13 (Pedal marking) Use the damper pedal (on the piano). |
front 14 ![]() | back 14 Take a breath, and/or a slight pause or lift. |
front 15 ![]() | back 15 ![]() |
front 16 ![]() | back 16 ![]() |
front 17 ![]() | back 17 Indicates the end of a piece. |
front 18 ![]() | back 18 On a bowed string instrument, play the note while drawing the bow downward. |
front 19 ![]() | back 19 On a bowed string instrument, play the note while drawing the bow upward. |
front 20 ![]() | back 20 Held, sustained. |