1
Hold for the combined value of the tied notes
2
A stressed note
3
Detached
4
Play the notes smoothly legato.
5
Pause, hold the note or rest longer than its written value
6
Becoming louder
7
Becoming softer
8
Play one octave above written pitch
9
Play one octave below written pitch
10
From the sign
11
Repeat the music within the two signs, or between the sign and the beginning of the piece.
12
(Pedal marking) Use the damper pedal (on the piano).
13
(Pedal marking) Use the damper pedal (on the piano).
14
Take a breath, and/or a slight pause or lift.
15
16
17
Indicates the end of a piece.
18
On a bowed string instrument, play the note while drawing the bow downward.
19
On a bowed string instrument, play the note while drawing the bow upward.
20
Held, sustained.