front 1 Arteriole | back 1 small artery |
front 2 Calciferol | back 2 active form of vitamin d, secreted by the kidney |
front 3 calyx; calix | back 3 cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis. |
front 4 Catheter | back 4 tube for injecting or removing fluids |
front 5 Cortex | back 5 outer region of an organ; the renal _______ is the outer region of the kidney |
front 6 Creatinine | back 6 nitrogenous waste excreted in urine. |
front 7 Cortical | back 7 pertaining to the cortex |
front 8 Creatinine clearance | back 8 measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing creatinine from the blood |
front 9 electrolyte | back 9 chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water; are necessary for functioning muscles and nerves. |
front 10 erythropoietin (EPO) | back 10 hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells from bone marrow |
front 11 filtration | back 11 process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter |
front 12 glomerular capsule | back 12 enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus; also known as Bowman's capsule; collects material that has been treated in the blood through the walls of the glomerulus |
front 13 glomerulus | back 13 tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney |
front 14 hilum | back 14 depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave |
front 15 kidney | back 15 one of two bean shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lunar region; it filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine |
front 16 meatus | back 16 opening or canal |
front 17 medulla | back 17 inner region of an organ; the renal ____ is the inner region of the kidney |
front 18 medullary cavity | back 18 (in long bones) the innermost part containing red and yellow marrow |
front 19 nephron | back 19 mbination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney; functional unit in the kidney; can form urine by itself; 1 million in each kidney |
front 20 nitrogenous waste.substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine; examples: urea | back 20 uric acid, and creatinine |
front 21 potassium | back 21 electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood |
front 22 (K+) | back 22 potassium |
front 23 Reabsorption | back 23 process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream |
front 24 renal artery | back 24 blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney |
front 25 renal pelvis | back 25 central collecting region in the kidney |
front 26 renal tubule | back 26 microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration |
front 27 renal vein | back 27 blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart |
front 28 renin | back 28 hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing a narrowing of the blood vessels (vasoconstriction) |
front 29 Sodium | back 29 electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions |
front 30 Na+ | back 30 Sodium |
front 31 Trigon | back 31 Triangular area in the urinary bladder |
front 32 Urea | back 32 major nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine |
front 33 ureter | back 33 one of the two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
front 34 urethra | back 34 tube leading from urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
front 35 uric acid | back 35 nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine |
front 36 urinary bladder | back 36 hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine |
front 37 urination (voiding) | back 37 process of expelling urine; also called micturition |
front 38 cali/o- | back 38 calci/o, calyx(calix); cup-shaped |
front 39 cyst/o | back 39 urinary bladder |
front 40 glomerul/o | back 40 glomerulus |
front 41 meat/o | back 41 meatus |
front 42 nephr/o | back 42 kidney |
front 43 pyel/o | back 43 renal pelvis |
front 44 ren/o | back 44 kidney |
front 45 trigon/o | back 45 trigone (region of the bladder) |
front 46 ureter/o | back 46 ureter |
front 47 urethr/o | back 47 urethra |
front 48 vesic/o | back 48 urinary bladder |
front 49 albumin/o | back 49 albumin (a protein in the blood) |
front 50 azot/o | back 50 nitrogen |
front 51 bacteri/o | back 51 bacteria |
front 52 dips/o | back 52 thirst |
front 53 kal/o | back 53 potassium |
front 54 ket/o | back 54 keton/o, ketone bodies (ketoacids and acetone) |
front 55 acetone | back 55 a ketone body |
front 56 lith/o | back 56 stone |
front 57 natr/o | back 57 sodium |
front 58 noct/o | back 58 night |
front 59 olig/o | back 59 scanty |
front 60 -poietin | back 60 substance that forms |
front 61 py/o | back 61 pus |
front 62 -tripsy | back 62 crushing |
front 63 ur/o | back 63 urine (urea) |
front 64 urin/o | back 64 urine |
front 65 -uria | back 65 urination; urine condition |
front 66 color test | back 66 normal- yellowish; clear- watery; reddish- large amounts of blood in urine |
front 67 appearance test | back 67 normal- clear; UTI- cloudy/turbid with pus and bacteria |
front 68 pH test | back 68 normal- 6.5; bacteria present- alkaline (basic) |
front 69 protein test | back 69 normal- small amounts; albumin- leak in glomerular protein |
front 70 glucose test | back 70 normal- no sugar; sugar present- diabetes mellitus |
front 71 specific gravity test | back 71 normal- normal gravity; too high- due to sugar |
front 72 ketone bodies test | back 72 ketones present- sign of ketosis |
front 73 sediment and casts test | back 73 presence of abnormal particles- due to pathological condition |
front 74 phenylketonuria (pku) test | back 74 rare condition where baby cannot break down proteins (amino acids) |
front 75 bilirubin test | back 75 present when patient has liver disease; pigment in urine due to hemoglobin breakdown |
front 76 glomerulonephritis | back 76 inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney |
front 77 interstitial nephritis | back 77 inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules |
front 78 nephrolithiasis | back 78 kidney stones (renal calculi) |
front 79 nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis) | back 79 group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine |
front 80 polycystic kidney disease (pkd) | back 80 multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney |
front 81 pyelonephritis | back 81 inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma |
front 82 renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma) | back 82 cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood |
front 83 renal failure | back 83 decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function |
front 84 renal hypertension | back 84 high blood pressure resulting from the kidneys |
front 85 wilms tumor | back 85 malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood |
front 86 bladder cancer | back 86 malignant tumor of the urinary bladder |
front 87 diabetes insipidus (DI) | back 87 antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is not secreted, or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH |
front 88 diabetes mellitus (DM) | back 88 insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects |
front 89 blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | back 89 measurement of urea levels in blood |
front 90 CT urography | back 90 x-ray images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney |
front 91 kidneys | back 91 ureters, and bladder (KUB), x-ray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
front 92 renal angiography | back 92 x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney |
front 93 Retrograde pyelogram (RP) | back 93 x-ray image of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder |
front 94 voiding cyst urethrogram (VCUG) | back 94 x-ray image (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding |
front 95 ultrasonography | back 95 imaging of urinary tract structures using high-frequency sound waves |
front 96 radioisotope scan | back 96 image of the kidney obtained after injecting a radioactive substance (radioisotope) into the bloodstream |
front 97 MRI urography | back 97 changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body |
front 98 Cystoscopy | back 98 direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope). |
front 99 Dialysis | back 99 process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood |
front 100 Lithotripsy | back 100 urinary tract stones are crushed |
front 101 renal angioplasty | back 101 dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries |
front 102 renal biopsy | back 102 removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination |
front 103 renal transplantation | back 103 surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient |
front 104 urinary catheterization | back 104 passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder |
front 105 BUN | back 105 Blood Urea Nitrogen |
front 106 Cl | back 106 chloride - an electrolyte excreted by the kidney |
front 107 C & S | back 107 culture & sensitivity testing - to determine antibiotic effectives against bacteria grown from a patients urine specimen |
front 108 K | back 108 potassium - an electrolyte |
front 109 KUB | back 109 Kidney, ureter, & bladder |
front 110 Na | back 110 sodium - an electrolyte |
front 111 pH | back 111 potential hydrogen, scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity |
front 112 UA | back 112 urinalysis |
front 113 UTI | back 113 urinary tract infection |
front 114 Urea | back 114 nitrogenous waste |
front 115 Urinary Function | back 115 2-Kidney
|
front 116 Protein Process | back 116 Protein --> Nitrogen --> Urea |
front 117 Cystectomy | back 117 Urinary bladder removal |
front 118 cystostomy | back 118 opening of the urinary bladder |
front 119 nephrostomy | back 119 opening of the kidney |
front 120 azotemia | back 120 nitrogen in the blood |
front 121 bacteriuria | back 121 bacteria in the urine |
front 122 nocturia | back 122 urination at night |
front 123 lithrotripsy | back 123 crushing stones |
front 124 enuresis | back 124 bed wetting |
front 125 toxo | back 125 poison |
front 126 metro | back 126 uterus |
front 127 tomy | back 127 processes of cuting |
front 128 ren/o | back 128 kidney |
front 129 emia | back 129 blood condition |
front 130 ectasis | back 130 dilation, widening |
front 131 lysis | back 131 breakdown, |
front 132 ptosis | back 132 falling, dropping |
front 133 ptysis | back 133 spitting |
front 134 rraphy | back 134 suture |
front 135 rreha | back 135 flow |
front 136 poly | back 136 many |
front 137 hydro | back 137 water |
front 138 anti | back 138 against |
front 139 ante | back 139 before |
front 140 Urination | back 140 to void / micturition |